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Older Motor Vehicle Drivers Involved in Injury Crashes in San Diego County

Older Motor Vehicle Drivers Involved in Injury Crashes in San Diego County. Barbara M. Stepanski, MPH Leslie Upledger Ray, MA, MPPA Patti Murrin, RN, MPH Alan M. Smith, MPH, PhD(C). County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services.

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Older Motor Vehicle Drivers Involved in Injury Crashes in San Diego County

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  1. Older Motor Vehicle Drivers Involved in Injury Crashes in San Diego County Barbara M. Stepanski, MPH Leslie Upledger Ray, MA, MPPA Patti Murrin, RN, MPH Alan M. Smith, MPH, PhD(C) County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services

  2. Problem: Elderly Drivers • Concerns • Physical limitations • Possibly higher crash rates • More severe injuries due to fragility of aging bodies • Proposed license restrictions • Reverse graduated licensing

  3. Population • Nationally, 70+ age group increased 2.1 times faster than the total population from 1989 to 1998 • Locally, the population over 55 is expected to more than double by 2020 • The number of drivers and collisions are expected to increase proportionally

  4. Research Questions • What is the crash rate in elderly? • Compared with other age groups • Severity • What factors contribute to crashes involving elderly drivers? • What impact do older drivers have on the overall population?

  5. Data Sources • Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS), FY 99/00 • San Diego County Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Prehospital Database, FY 99/00 • Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) Drivers License Information

  6. Data Examined Prehospital • Age groups • Gender • Ethnicity • Restraints • Hour • Paramedic Run Outcome SWITRS • Incident Location • Fault

  7. Licensed Drivers by Age Source: California Department of Motor Vehicles, DL information report 01/01/00

  8. Percent Licensed by Age Source: California Department of Motor Vehicles, SANDAG population estimates, January 2000

  9. Prehospital Responses:Motor Vehicle Drivers • 8800 Emergency Patients • 1372 Age 55 and Older (15.6%) • 49% Male • 74% White (when known) • Time: 11a.m. – 4 p.m.

  10. PrehospitalPrehospital Responses to Motor Vehicle Drivers, by Age Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900

  11. Prehospital Response Rate per 100,000 Population, by Age Prehospital patients / Population X 100,000 Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 99/00

  12. Prehospital Response Rate per 100,000 Licensed Drivers, by AgeMV Drivers prehospital patients / # licensed drivers X 100,000 Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900

  13. Gender by Age Group Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900.

  14. Race/Ethnicity of Drivers Seen by Prehospital Personnel: 55 years and up Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900; SANDAG Population Estimates, January 2000.

  15. Hour Call Received, Patients 55 Years and Older, Monday - Friday Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900.

  16. Hour Call Received by Age Group of Victim, Monday - Friday Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 9900.

  17. Percent of Injured Drivers in Moderate or Acute Status by Age Percent Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 96/97

  18. Restraint Use - Drivers 55 and Over Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 99/00

  19. Percent of Drivers Unrestrained, by Age Source: County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services; Prehospital Database, FY 99/00

  20. SWITRSPercent of Drivers at Fault by Age* % *Drivers at fault/Drivers in injury collisions Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  21. SWITRSRate (per Licensed Drivers) of At-Fault Collision by Age* *Drivers at fault/Licensed drivers Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  22. SWITRSRoad Type by Age of Driver at Fault Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  23. Violation Category by Age of Driver at Fault Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  24. Leading Violation Categories by Age Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  25. Collision Type by Age of Driver at Fault Source: SWITRS Database, FY 99/00

  26. Conclusions • Crash rates and at-fault rates are lower in seniors than previously thought • Crash rates of 55-64 and 65-74 are comparable to middle-aged drivers • Highest crash and fault rates in youngest drivers (16-24) • Percent at fault comparable to 16-24 year-olds • Crashes • Side streets • More in the middle of the day (younger: rush hours) • Violation: auto right of way • Collision type: broadside

  27. Conclusions (cont.) • Results question the proposed restrictions on elderly drivers, which may be detrimental to their independence • Results support the need to focus safe driving interventions on young drivers

  28. Acknowledgments • San Diego Paramedics/EMTs, Prehospital Agencies and Hospitals • SANDAG • San Diego County Law Enforcement Agencies

  29. Contact Information Alan M. Smith County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency Emergency Medical Services 6255 Mission Gorge Road San Diego, CA 92120 (619) 285-6429 phone (619) 285-6531 fax Alan.Smith@sdcounty.ca.gov

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