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“If they keep quiet, even the stones will shout out”. The contribution of archaeology in confirming the reliability of the Bible. The origins of writing – Sumeria 3500BC Cunieform. The Rosetta Stone 196BC Egypt. The Rosetta Stone.
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“If they keep quiet, even the stones will shout out” The contribution of archaeology in confirming the reliability of the Bible
The Rosetta Stone • Discovered by one of Napoleons soldiers in Egypt. Napoleon was one of the first to recognise antiquities as something to be studied for knowledge as opposed to something to be traded for money. • Has three scripts:- Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs- Demotic Script- Ancient GreekLed to the ability to translate hieroglyphicsIs the most visited item in the London museum
Ebla tablets found in 1975 show evidence of a civilisation from 2500BC that included Syria and Sth East Turkey, with writing, including a library and state archives. Critics had argued Moses could not have written the Pentateuch (First five books of the OT) because writing had not been discovered.The discovery of 20,000 cuneiform tablets and fragments mentioned the names of David (Da-u-dum), Abraham (Ab-ra-mu) and Ishmael (Ish-ma-il). The unearthing of the Ebla tablets in northern Syria in the 1970s, uncovered names of biblical patriarchs, and the discovery of ancient regions such as ‘Canaan,’ all legitimize the patriarchal accounts, proving them to be viable and genuine.3
THE HITTITES • The Hittite people, considered a biblical legend, have also moved from fiction to historical fact after records from the Ebla Kingdom (Syria 1974) and Cuneiform tablets discovered in Bogazkoy, Turkey from early 20th century, mentioned their name.
HITTITE ARTIFACTS DISCOVERED AT Bogazkoy, Turkey, DATE FROM 13TH CENTURY BC
The Mesha Stele – King Mesha of Moab 840BC • The Mesha stele is the longest Iron Age inscription ever found in the region, and constitutes the major evidence for the Moabite language. The stele, whose story parallels, with some differences, an episode in the Bible's Books of Kings (2 Kings 3:4-8), provides invaluable information on the Moabite language and the political relationship between Moab and Israel at one moment in the 9th century BC It is the most extensive inscription ever recovered that refers to the kingdom of Israel (the "House of Omri"); it bears the earliest certain extra-biblical reference to the Israelite God Yahweh, and — if French scholar André Lemaire's reconstruction of a portion of line 31 is correct — the earliest mention of the "House of David" (i.e., the kingdom of Judah).The stone was discovered intact by Frederick Augustus Klein, an Anglicanmissionary in 1868, at the site of ancient Dibon (now Dhiban, Jordan )
The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonianlaw code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1772 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code, and partial copies exist on a human-sized stone stele and various clay tablets.Paralell in style to the Law Code of Moses given by God on Mt Sinai (1446 BC)Refutes critics who said the Mosaic Law was written much later.
