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GRAMMAR REVIEW

GRAMMAR REVIEW. PARTS OF SPEECH. NAMERS: nouns and pronouns. Nouns. Person Place Thing State of being. Types of Nouns. Proper : Mrs. Westra, Dr. Jones, Elmira Common: car, student, building, flower Concrete: desk, food Abstract: hope, disappointment, hunger. Pronoun.

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GRAMMAR REVIEW

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  1. GRAMMAR REVIEW

  2. PARTS OF SPEECH • NAMERS: nouns and pronouns

  3. Nouns • Person • Place • Thing • State of being

  4. Types of Nouns • Proper : Mrs. Westra, Dr. Jones, Elmira • Common: car, student, building, flower • Concrete: desk, food • Abstract: hope, disappointment, hunger

  5. Pronoun • Replaces a noun: he she, they, it, ourselves, everyone, somebody, all

  6. Actors • Verb

  7. Verb The action of the sentence Action (jump, sing) State of being ( am, feel, appear) Can have more than one part: a helper verb and an action verb ( willstudy) Can link the subject to a modifier She was irritated.

  8. DESCRIBERS • Adjectives • Adverbs

  9. Adjectives • Adds to a noun • Many people • Orange shirt • Delicious pizza

  10. Adverb • Adds to a verb, adverb or adjective • Walk gracefully • Walk very gracefully.

  11. JOINERS • Preposition • Conjunction

  12. Preposition • Positioned before a noun to connect it to the sentence • Go to the office.

  13. Conjunction • Connects two clauses, phrases or like sentence parts together • You need a healthy diet, and you also need exercise.

  14. Expressers • Interjection • Expresses emotion • Ouch! That hurt. • Oh! How lovely!

  15. PARTS OF A SENTENCE • Subject • Predicate • Object • Phrase • Clause

  16. Subject • The someone/something that does something in a sentence; this someone/something in a sentence’s main clause is called the bare subject • Who or what the sentence is about • The actor in the sentence

  17. Predicate • What the subject is, or what the subject did • Everything other than the subject • The main verb (the action that the someone/something is doing) in the predicate is called the bare predicate

  18. Example • My best friendplays guitar. Subject predicate.

  19. Direct Object • Receives the action of the main verb

  20. Indirect Object • Receives the direct object

  21. Example • Josh threw the ball to Amanda. Direct objectindirect object

  22. Phrases and Clause • Phrase does not have its own subject and verb • into the forest • Clause has its own subject and verb • the children ran

  23. Example • The children raninto the forest. clause phrase

  24. Phrase • A group of words in a sentence that acts grammatically as a part of speech • It cannot stand alone as a sentence because it has neither a subject or a predicate

  25. Main Clause • A group of words with a subject and a predicate that contain the main subject and the main verb (bare predicate) of the entire sentence • It can be joined to another clause with a coordinating conjunction (remember FANBOYS) or stand alone as a complete sentence

  26. Subordinate Clause • A clause that begins with a subordinate conjunction, making it less important than the main clause in the same sentence • It cannot stand alone as a sentence

  27. Example • I went to the dentistbecause my tooth hurt. Main clausesubordinate clause

  28. Relative Clause • A clause that begins with a relative pronoun such as who, that, or which that cannot be separated from the word or phrase it relates to. The student who meets deadlines is successful.

  29. TYPES OF SENTENCES • Simple • Compound • Complex • Compound-complex

  30. Simple • One subject and one verb ( one main clause) • John built the house.

  31. Compound • Two or more main clauses • I knocked at the door and rang the doorbell, but no one seemed to hear me.

  32. Complex • One main and one or more subordinate clauses • When we returned, the fire was out.

  33. Compound-Complex • Two or more main clauses, and one or more subordinate clauses • I dropped my napkin, and I spilled my drink while the speaker was proposing a toast.

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