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Meiosis—The Process that Fosters Genetic Diversity

Meiosis—The Process that Fosters Genetic Diversity. http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect16.htm. Karyotype. A display of condensed chromosomes arranged in pairs. Meiosis. A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid.

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Meiosis—The Process that Fosters Genetic Diversity

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  1. Meiosis—The Process that Fosters Genetic Diversity http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect16.htm

  2. Karyotype • A display of condensed chromosomes arranged in pairs.

  3. Meiosis • A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid. • Meiosis creates genetic diversity through crossing over and independent assortment. • Meiosis ONLY creates sex cells

  4. Synapsis • During Prophase I, replicated homologues pair up and become physically connected along their lengths by a zipper-like protein structure (the synaptonemal complex).

  5. Crossing Over • The exchange of corresponding segments of DNA molecules by non-sister chromatids.

  6. Chiasma/Chiasmata (plural) • The point where crossing over has occurred and the homologs are still associated due to cohesion between sister chromatids

  7. Interphase • Chromosomes replicate to form sister chromatids.

  8. Prophase I • Crossing over occurs during synapsis. • Chiasma are evident

  9. Metaphase I • Chromosomes line up by homologous pairs on the metaphase plate • Alignment is independent of maternal/paternal origin

  10. Anaphase I • Each pair of homologous chromosomes separates

  11. Telophase I & Cytokinesis • Two haploid cells form, each chromosome still consists of two chromatids

  12. Prophase II • A new spindle apparatus forms

  13. Metaphase II

  14. Anaphase II

  15. Telophase II & Cytokinesis • Four haploid, genetically unique cells form.

  16. Telophase I & Cytokinesis • Two haploid cells form, each chromosome still consists of two chromatids

  17. Telophase I & Cytokinesis • Two haploid cells form, each chromosome still consists of two chromatids

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