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Rain water harvesting

The annual rainfall of Iran is about 13% as compared to rainfall in India. Despite of it, due to employing Rainwater Harvesting techniques and better water management , the government of Iran has been able to match up the water demands of the citizens of Iran.The presentations gives an overview of tomography, technology, various rainwater harvesting structures employed in Iran.

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Rain water harvesting

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  1. Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi JALSWARAJ- MAKING WATER EVERYBODY’S BUSINESS MAKING WATER EVERYBODY’S BUSINESS Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi

  2. Once consisted of group of seven islands called Colaba, Mazagaon, Old woman’s Island, Wadala, Mahim, Parel and Matunga – Sion.

  3. Vehar lake Tulsi Lake Tansa Dam Vaitarna

  4. WHO GETS HOW MUCH… • BMC has extensive network… • BUT • Distribution is not uniform. • Suburban consumers have to supplement with tankers—spending at least Rs 450 per day • Also quality of tanker water is a major concern.

  5. The amount that goes ‘unaccounted for’… About 20 to 25 per cent is lost in leakage and pilferage.

  6. GROUNDWATER QUALITY… SEA WATER INTRUSION – Colaba, Dharvi, Khar, Anderi, Chembur, Malad etc. INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION – Greater mumbai area ( High Nitrate, trace elements like Cu, Cr, Hg etc are found in water) Source: Central Ground Water Board

  7. MIDDLE VAITARNA STILL WAITING FOR CLEARENCE

  8. And WASTAGE…FLUSHED down the drain • Only 20 per cent of the water is used for drinking, cooking; • Over 60 per cent is used for bathing, washing and flushing down the toilet. Important that our water toilets are still 10-12 litres per each pull of the chain. • Literally, water down the drain… • ...80% potable water ends up as waste-water

  9. WE ALL LIVE DOWNSTREAM • Only 24 per cent of the wastewater generated by urban India is treated—Mumbai accounts for 23 per cent of the total amount produced • The rest 76 per cent is disposed of into WATER BODIES (rivers, lakes etc) untreated • These water bodies are the water sources for the cities in the down stream

  10. But, strangely the supply is almost FREE • Water is cheapest in Delhi. 35 per KL as compared to production cost of Rs 6-7 per Kl. • Mumbai is in a better position, the cost for domestic supply is Rs 2.25 per KL and the production cost is Rs 5.74 per KL • In Indore the cost for domestic 2.00 per KL and the production cost is Rs 9.50 KL. • Bangalore charges Rs 5-60 per KL and the production cost is Rs 13 per KL.

  11. WATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL OF MUMBAI Area – 437 sq kmts Annual avg .rainfall – 2000 mm Potential - 2394.52 MLD Present water supply = 2900 MLD Options:Storage;recycling; and recharge Even if we assume 70 % of the area to be developed, 50 % of it to be roofed and we collect 70 % of the water falling over it, the quantity of rainwater that can be harvested works out to 589.34 MLD. This is a sizeable quantity compared to water supply to Mumbai. It may also be reminded that the Middle Vaitarna project is for 455 MLD.

  12. SUCCESS STORIES IN MUMBAI… BEST BUS DEPOT TATA INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

  13. Basic concerns of a Mumbaikar… • Reclaimed land and threat of salinity. Quality of water—of both municipal supply and tankers • Unequal distribution • Wasteful consumption pattern—leading to overwithdrawal from sources—heading for urban-rural conflict? • Therefore, overall water management is the order of the day—with RWH as a key component

  14. Way AHEAD • Create informed public opinion…the ALMs can play a key role here • Training the real users • Strict legislation

  15. Mumbai • Mumbai Municipal Corporation has made rainwater harvesting (RWH) mandatory to the properties having plot area more than 1000 sq. mts. • This condition will also be made applicable to existing buildings in near future. • Recycling has been made compulsory for buildings having centralised A C plants. • BMC will supply 90 LPCD instead of 135 lpcd to ensure RWH will supplement the gap.

  16. Role of the people.. • None of this will work unless…. • The citizens make rainwater harvesting their own business

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