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Cloud Computing R esearch

Cloud Computing R esearch. Roy H. Campbell Director of Assured Cloud Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign August 8 th 2012 Chicago, IL. Security at UIUC . ITI – Information Trust Institute 100+ faculty/students/staff Areas Cloud (Air Force) Power grid (DOE)

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Cloud Computing R esearch

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  1. Cloud Computing Research Roy H. Campbell Director of Assured Cloud Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign August 8th 2012 Chicago, IL

  2. Security at UIUC • ITI – Information Trust Institute • 100+ faculty/students/staff • Areas • Cloud (Air Force) • Power grid (DOE) • Health IT (SHARPS DHHS) • Data Science • Evaluation • Systems and Networking (Boeing) • Science of Security (NSA) • Education (ICSSP – NSF, NSA) • iti.illinois.edu

  3. Outline Assured Cloud Center (Air Force) Cloud Computing Current Research Challenges Future challenges

  4. Assured Cloud Center (Air Force) – UCoE@UIUC • Goal: Undertake core research and development to address challenges for emerging architectures, algorithms, and techniques to achieve secure and reliable cloud infrastructures and applications • Research focus: • New algorithms and techniques to provide reliability and security • Formal analysis and reasoning about system configurations • Design and experimental evaluation of prototypes • Workforce development including education, and technology exchange

  5. Assured Cloud Center – UCoE@UIUC • Organization structure:

  6. Outline • Assured Cloud Center Cloud Computing Current Research Challenges Future challenges

  7. What is cloud computing? • 5th generation of computing 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2009+ Monolithic Client-Server Web SOA Cloud Services

  8. Pros and Cons

  9. Growing interest in cloud computing • Increasing number of outages Google Insight for Search: Cloud Computing Jul 08: Amazon S3 down 8.5h due to one single bit flip in Gossip message Outage in: Oct 09: MS Azure down 22h due to malfunction in the hypervisor Apr 11: Amazon EC2 US East down 4 days due to Network problem and replicas algorithm Feb 11: 40K Gmail Account down 4 days due to a bug in a storage software update 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Providing a higher level of reliability and availability is one of the biggest challenges of Cloud computing

  10. Incidents with Cloud Computing • - Providers: • “I discovered that several systems on the Amazon EC2 network were preforming brute force attacks, against our VoIP servers.”[1] • “Complaints of rampant SIP Brute Force Attacks coming from servers with Amazon EC2 IP Addresses cause many admins to simply drop all Amazon EC2 traffic.”[2] • No guarantee that providers will financially survive. What will happen if your provider liquidates? “Cassatt, the San Jose, Calif.-based provider of cloud computing environments, has sold its assets to public IT management firm CA for an undisclosed sum. ”[3] • - Attacks: • BitBucket, DDoS’s Off The Air. “Starting Friday evening, our network storage became virtually unavailable to us, and the site crawled to a halt.”[4]

  11. Incidents with Cloud Computing • - Maintenance: • Maintenance Induced Cascading Failures. “Gmail's web interface had a widespread outage earlier today, lasting about 100 minutes”[5] • - Storage: • T-Mobile: we probably lost all your Sidekick data “Well, this is shaping up to be one of the biggest disasters in the history of cloud computing, and certainly the largest blow to Danger and the Sidekick platform: T-Mobile's now reporting that personal data stored on Sidekicks has "almost certainly has been lost as a result of a server failure at Microsoft/Danger."”[6] • - Power: • Lightning Strike Triggers Amazon EC2 Outage “Some customers of Amazon’s EC2 cloud computing service were offline for more than four hours Wednesday night after an electrical storm damaged power equipment at one of the company’s data centers[7]

  12. Magnitude and complexity in Cloud Computing • Five-Minute Snapshot of In-and-Out Traffic within NCSA

  13. Outline • Assured Cloud Center • Cloud Computing Current Research Challenges Future challenges

  14. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  15. Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? Verifying Trustworthiness of Virtual Appliances Based on Software Whitelists (Rakesh Bobba)

  16. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  17. Can clouds be real-time? Design of Algorithms and Techniques for Real-time Assuredness in Cloud Computing (Indranil Gupta, Brian Cho)

  18. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  19. How do we assess trust in clouds? Trust Calculus for assured Cloud Computing (David Nicol, JingweiHuang)

  20. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  21. Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? Cyber Infrastructure Security: Dynamic Policy Monitoring with inference in clouds (Roy Campbell)

  22. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  23. How do we assess End to End issues? ACC-UCoE: Application-aware Checking for Dependable and Secure Applications: Information Flow Signatures K-Y (Tseng, V. Sidea, R. Iyer, Z. Kalbarczyk)

  24. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  25. How do we build resilient virtual machines? ACC-UCoE: Building Resilient Virtual Machines: Protection Against Failures and Attacks (C. Pham, P. Cao, R. Iyer, Z. Kalbarczyk)

  26. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  27. How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • Formal Analysis of Cloud Systems (José Meseguer)

  28. How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • Coordination and Probabilistic Consistency (Gul Agha)

  29. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  30. What are the likely attacks? What Incidents Data Tell us About Attackers? R. Bonilla, H. Lin, Z. Kalbarczyk, R. Iyer

  31. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  32. Are there any legal and privacy concerns? Cloud computing Privacy and Legal Aspects (Masooda Bashir)

  33. Current Research Challenges • Can we trust a virtual machine infrastructure? • Can clouds be real-time? • How do we asses trust in clouds? • Can we monitor the security properties of a cloud? • How do we assess End to End issues? • How do we build resilient virtual machines? • How do we verify assuredness in clouds? • What are the likely attacks? • Are there any legal and privacy concerns? • How do we educate an appropriate workforce?

  34. How do we educate an appropriate workforce? Educational initiatives (Masooda Bashir)

  35. Outline • Assured Cloud Center • Cloud Computing • Current Research Challenges Future challenges

  36. Future challenges How can we offer Security as a Service in the cloud? Cloud Infrastructure IaaS PaaS SaaS SSaaS Software Security as a Service (SSaaS) Architectures

  37. Commercialization Startups from ITI • Technology Transfer: Scott Pickard 217-333-3437 spickard@illinois.edu

  38. Thank you for your attention Contact information: • Roy H. Campbell • rhc@illinois.edu • http://assured-cloud-computing.illinois.edu • http://srg.cs.illinois.edu

  39. References • http://www.stuartsheldon.org/blog/2010/04/sip-brute-force-attack-originating-from-amazon-ec2-hosts • http://www.voiptechchat.com/voip/457/amazon-ec2-sip-brute-force-attacks-on-rise • http://venturebeat.com/2009/06/04/cloud-provider-cassatt-sells-out-to-ca-to-avoid-bankruptcy • http://blog.bitbucket.org/2009/10/04/on-our-extended-downtime-amazon-and-whats-coming • http://gmailblog.blogspot.com/2009/09/more-on-todays-gmail-issue.html • http://www.engadget.com/2009/10/10/t-mobile-we-probably-lost-all-your-sidekick-data • http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2009/06/11/lightning-strike-triggers-amazon-ec2-outage

  40. Cloud Computing Research Roy H. Campbell Director of Assured Cloud Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign August 8th 2012 Chicago, IL

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