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Dorothea Dix

Dorothea Dix. By Allie Piacenti & Becca MacLean “If I am cold, they are cold; if I am weary, they are distressed; if I am alone, they are abandoned.”. Early Life. Born April 4, 1802 in Hampden, Maine Father was an abusive alcoholic and her mother was in poor mental health

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Dorothea Dix

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  1. Dorothea Dix By Allie Piacenti & Becca MacLean “If I am cold, they are cold; if I am weary, they are distressed; if I am alone, they are abandoned.”

  2. Early Life • Born April 4, 1802 in Hampden, Maine • Father was an abusive alcoholic and her mother was in poor mental health • Went to live with her Grandmother at age 12 • Began teaching classes for girls at age 15 “ I never knew childhood.”

  3. Accomplishments • Published several books for children and their parents. Ex. Conversations on Common Things (1824) • Taught Sunday School class for women inmates at East Cambridge Jail • 1843- Proposed a plan to the MA legislature for improvement of facilities for mentally ill (passed) • Opened 32 mental hospitals, 15 schools for the feeble-minded, a school for the blind, and numerous training facilities for nurses “I tell what I have seen.”

  4. Accomplishments (cont.) • Helped to establish libraries in mental hospitals, prisons, and more • Traveled throughout 13 European countries in 2 years and fought for the mentally ill there after failing to pass a federal land plot in the US • 1845- published Remarks on Prisons and Prison Discipline in the United States to advocate for change in the treatments of ordinary prisoners • Named Superintendent of the Union Army Nurses “Some say these things cannot be remedied… I know they are.”

  5. Effects • Met with Pope Pius IX and influenced him to make a series of improvements in Rome • Influenced a bill for the enlargement of the Worcester Insane Asylum • 1881- her efforts contributed to opening the state hospital in Trenton, NJ • Inspired legislators in 15 states and Canada to establish hospitals for the mentally ill • US nursing pioneer “There are few cases in history where a social movement of such proportions can be attributed to the work of a single individual.” ~ Kovach

  6. Final Efforts • Ill health throughout her entire life and her travels • Admitted herself into the Trenton Hospital that she helped found • Remained there for 6 years until her death on July 17, 1887 Dix was “the most effective advocate of humanitarian reform in American mental institutions during the nineteenth century.” ~Goldenson

  7. Bibliography • Primary: • Dix, Dorothea Lynde. Remarks on Prisons and Prison Discipline in the United States. [Whitefish, MT]: Kessinger, 2007. Print. • "Memorial to the Massachusetts Legislature (1843)." Eca.state.gov/. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <http://eca.state.gov/education/engteaching/pubs/AmLnC/br15.htm>. • Secondary: • "Dorothea Dix." NNDB: Tracking the Entire World. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <http://www.nndb.com/people/415/000115070/>. • "Dorothea Dix." United States History. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1092.html>. • "Dorothea Dix." Webster University. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/dorotheadix.html>. • Reddi, Vasantha. "Biography of Dorothea Lynde Dix." The Center for Nursing Advocacy. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <http://www.nursingadvocacy.org/press/pioneers/dix.html>.

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