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The Gilded Age 1865-1896

The Gilded Age 1865-1896. Edison & G.E. J.P. Morgan & Wall Street. Leland Stanford & Central Pacific RR . HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES – (1890) Jacob Riis . POLITICS OF THE GILDED AGE. William ‘Boss’ Tweed. Political Machines - Cities. SCANDALS! CREDIT MOBLIER BLACK FRIDAY GOLD PANIC

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The Gilded Age 1865-1896

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  1. The Gilded Age 1865-1896

  2. Edison & G.E. J.P. Morgan & Wall Street Leland Stanford & Central Pacific RR

  3. HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES – (1890) Jacob Riis

  4. POLITICS OF THE GILDED AGE William ‘Boss’ Tweed Political Machines - Cities

  5. SCANDALS! • CREDIT MOBLIER • BLACK FRIDAY GOLD PANIC • NYC CUSTOM HOUSE • WHISKEY RING Ulysses S. Grant – 18th U.S. President 1869 - 1877

  6. OTHER KEY POLITICAL ISSUES – THE GILDED AGE Civil Service Reform (tens of thousands of jobs at stake) The Problem: Spoils System seen as life blood of political parties, yet associated corruption in job award undermines Key Groups: (Senate Republicans – GOP controlled Senate in Gilded Age) -The Stalwarts- *wished to continue spoils system *Roscoe Conkling (Sen. NY) key leader -The Half-Breeds- *negative term coined by Stalwarts *moderate Republicans *supported idea of some civil service reform *James Garfield and James Blaine key leaders *Garfield assassination when president ends use of terms and begins end of spoils

  7. -Reformers- *supported total reform of Spoils System *anti-protectionist tariff (Stalwarts & Half Breeds pro) *up and coming Teddy Roosevelt an important person The Pendleton Act 1883 -named for Sen. George Pendleton (Dem OH) -pressure from public following death of Garfield -creates Civil Service Commission (administers programs) -creates merit based job system (10% of all jobs at first) -restricts $ contributions from federal employees -will lead to most jobs out of politician’s control

  8. The Money Issue: Gold vs. Silver. Key Questions:Should the money supply be expanded? Why did/does it matter? Those in favor: Small business people Farmers Debtors Westerners Those opposed: Large business owners Wealthy Easterners “A Cross of Gold” Wm Jennings Bryan

  9. KEY IDEA SUMMARY: • Government keeps hands off approach to business & economy • Spoils System leads to significant issues with corruption. • Close elections suppresses bold leadership • Economy rapidly advances. • - By 1900 America is the #1 industrial power • What would this man predict about America in the years following the • Late 19th century? KARL MARX

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