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RESOURCES FROM EARTH’S WATERS

RESOURCES FROM EARTH’S WATERS. OCEANS, BAYS, LAKES,RIVERS PONDS, STREAMS ETC. WORLD POPULATION. How Much of Our Food Supply Comes from Earth’s Water. 1% of food comes from the sea Earth’s Waters Supply 10% of the protein consumed by humans. Kinds of Food From Earth’s Waters.

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RESOURCES FROM EARTH’S WATERS

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  1. RESOURCES FROMEARTH’S WATERS OCEANS, BAYS, LAKES,RIVERS PONDS, STREAMS ETC.

  2. WORLD POPULATION

  3. How Much of Our Food Supply Comes from Earth’s Water • 1% of food comes from the sea • Earth’s Waters Supply 10% of the protein consumed by humans

  4. Kinds of Food From Earth’s Waters • Finfish – make up 85% of world catch followed by shellfish (mollusk and crustaceans) • Finfish come from - 86% ocean, 14% freshwater • Shellfish- 15% mostly from the ocean

  5. Kinds of Food From Earth’s Water cont’d • Freshwater fisheris comprise 18% of the global catch, and it is growing! • Seafood accounts for 15% of the total animal protein consumed worldwide!! • (a very large number considering only1% of food comes from the sea/rivers/lakes.

  6. Types of Fish and Shellfish • Benthic and Demersal – live at or near the bottom of the sea in COLD Waters (ex. Flounder, lobsters, crabs, whiting) • Clupeoid – live in schools near surface on continental shelf ex. Herrings (sardines), Menhaden, Shads • Pelagic – Open water fish (ex. Squid, Tuna, Swordfish)

  7. Benthic Fish KING CRAB • Live at or near the bottom of the sea

  8. COLD WATER DEMERSAL FISH • Live near or around the bottom of the continental shelf • Examples • Cod, Pollack, haddock, hakes, whiting • Caught in trawls

  9. COD

  10. WHITING

  11. POLLACK

  12. Benthic Fish • Flounder • Flat fish • Eyes on one side • Camouflage to match color of the sand

  13. Benthic Fishing Techniques • Caught with trawls-dragged along the bottom of the sea. TRAWLING

  14. FISHING TECHNIQUES • TRAWLING

  15. Cod Fishery-Threatened!! • 1992-Grand Banks placed moratorium (ended) the cod fishery to save them from extinction. • 1994-Georges Bank fishery off New England closed their operations also. • Experts predict the cod will NEVER recover!!!

  16. CLUPEOID FISH SARDINES – travel in schools near the surface & along continental shelf

  17. CONTINENTAL SHELF

  18. CLUPEOID FISH • Sardines, shad, herring, menhaden etc. • Live in schools • Found over continental shelf • Caught using purse seines • Eaten fresh, canned or pickled • Ground into fish flour or Fish Protein Concentrate

  19. Fishing TechniquesPurse Seine Nets

  20. FISHING TECHNIQUES • PURSE SEINE

  21. CLUPEOID FISH • Used to produce fish oil • Used to make fish meal for poultry feed • Used to make fertilizer • Industrial catches may result in overfishing because they naturally fluctuate in population and fisherman are unaware of their low cycles • 1940’s sardine fishery collapsed

  22. Purse Seine Catches

  23. CLUPEOID FISH • HERRINGS

  24. CLUPEOID FISH • MENHADEN

  25. Sardines and Anchovies

  26. PELAGIC FISH Open Water Fish • Billfish (Striped marlin, Blue marlin, Black marlin Sailfish, Swordfish) • Tuna (Yellowfin, Skipjack, Bonito) • Jacks (Yellowtail, Amberjack) • Dolphinfish (Dorado) • Mako shark

  27. Tuna

  28. TUNA Skipjack, yellow fin, big eye, albacore, blue fin Eaten raw in sashami Caught in gill nets, large sienes and long lines Blue fin can sell for up to $350.00 a pound Tuna population is down 10% Fish nations would not declare it an endangered species, but in 1995 agreed to restrict catches to 50% of current catches

  29. Fishing Techniques-Pelagic Fish Pelagic Fish are caught using large seines, surface longlines and gill nets.

  30. COMMERCIAL FISHINGIN THE PAST • Early fishing methods

  31. FISHING TECHNIQUES

  32. FISHING TECHNIQUES • LONG LINES-Pelagic Fish

  33. LONG LINES-Pelagic Fish

  34. FISH NET

  35. GILL NET-Benthic/Demersal Fish

  36. Marlin

  37. SKIPJACK TUNA

  38. Blue Fin Tuna

  39. YELLOW FIN TUNA

  40. YELLOWFIN TUNA

  41. ALBACORE TUNA

  42. SWORDFISH

  43. MAKO SHARK

  44. FINNING • Many sharks Are caught and Killed ONLY For their fins!! Then thrown Back into the Water to drown/die at sea. Fins sold to China for Shark Fin Soup 

  45. HW-Textbook pages 355-377Questions on Resources from the Sea Chapter.

  46. Total Marine Catches from 1990 to 1995

  47. MOLLUSK • Second to finfish, mollusks are the most valuable food source • Mollusks-Soft-body protected by a calcium carbonate shell. • Largest catches include clams, scallops mussels, oysters, abalone, squid, and octopus

  48. MOLLUSKS

  49. Fishing for Mollusks • Shellfish-clams, oysters, scallops are caught using a scallop dredge or traps sitting on the seafloor.

  50. SCALLOP DREDGE

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