1 / 23

O T T F F S S E __

O T T F F S S E __. What comes next?. 9. I V E. I X. EVEN. IGHT. NINE. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8. O T T F F S S E __ . N E. W O. H R E E. O U R. It’s EASY if you know the PATTERN! (Just like Punnett Squares). PROBABILITY & PUNNETT SQUARES 11-2. PROBABILITY.

kamali
Télécharger la présentation

O T T F F S S E __

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. O T T F F S S E __ What comes next?

  2. 9 I V E I X EVEN IGHT NINE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O T T F F S S E __ N E W O H R E E O U R It’s EASY if you know the PATTERN! (Just like Punnett Squares)

  3. PROBABILITY & PUNNETT SQUARES11-2

  4. PROBABILITY ____________________is the __________ that a particular _________________ likelihood event will occur It can be written as a: Fraction ____ Percent ____ Ratio ____ 1/4 25% 1:3

  5. http://www.arborsci.com/CoolStuff/CoinFlip.jpg COIN FLIP capital There are 2 possible outcomes: HEADS TAILS The chance the coin will land on either one is: ____ ____ ____ Alleles segregate randomly just like a coin flip. . . So can use probability to predict outcomes of genetic crosses. 1/2 50% 1:1

  6. PROBABILITIES PAST DON’T FUTURE If last coin flip was heads… there is still a 50/50 chance the next flip will be heads too. _____ outcomes ______ affect _________ones _____________works ______ in ___________ a ________ number of events. Probability predicting best large The more flips. . . The closer results will be to the expected 50:50 average.

  7. DOMINANT/RECESSIVE Dominant capital _____________ allele is represented by a ____________ letter.(usually the first letter of the trait) ____________ allele is represented by the SAME _________________ letter. EX: Tall = ______ Short =______ Recessive lower-case T t NOT S for short

  8. HOMOZYGOUSHETEROZYGOUS When both alleles in the pair are the _______, the organism is _______________ or __________ EX: ____ or ___ When both alleles in the pair are _____________, the organism is _________________ or _____________ Ex: ____ SAME HOMOZYGOUS PURE TT tt DIFFERENT HETEROZYGOUS HYBRID Tt

  9. PHENOTYPE/GENOTYPE genetic makeup The ________________ of an organism is its _____________ The ____________of an organism is its _____________ GENOTYPE appearance PHENOTYPE

  10. MAKING A CROSS for only a __________ trait =____________________ ONE GENE A Punnett square for a MONOHYBRID CROSS looks like this: MONOHYBRID CROSS

  11. PUNNETT SQUARES are used to show possible offspring from a cross between 2 parents _______________ go at top and on left side Boxes show _______________________________ Parent alleles T T T t possible offspring combinations

  12. STEPS FOR MAKING CROSSES Figure out parent alleles Choose Punnett size Put in parent gametes Fill in offspring combinations probabilities phenotypes genotypes 1. ___________ what _________________ are 2. ________correct__________ square __________ 3. ______ possible_______________________ 4. ______ boxes with _____________________ 5. Determine ____________of_____________& ____________

  13. IN PEA PLANTS T Tall is dominant over short TALL = ____ SHORT = ____ t LET’S MAKE A CROSS! PURE TALL PURE SHORT X

  14. PURE TALL parentWhat are the parent alleles? TT _________ HOMOZYGOUS   What gametes can it make? T T

  15. PURE SHORT parent What are the parent alleles? HOMOZYGOUS tt _________   What gametes can it make? t t

  16. T T t t ALL _____ of the offspring ____ % ___/4 will be Tt T t 100 4 Tt Tt Tt TALL GENOTYPE _____ PHENOTYPE _______

  17. HYBRID TALL parent What are the parent alleles? Tt _________ HETEROZYGOUS   What gametes can it make? T t

  18. T t TT T T t TT GENOTYPES ¼ = _____ ½ = _____ ¼ = _____ Tt tt Tt tt t 3/4 75 TALL PHENOTYPES ____ or ____% _________ ____ or ____% _________ 1/4 25 SHORT

  19. PRACTICE MAKING GAMETES for a MONOHYBRID CROSS R Tall = ____ Round seeds = ___ Short = ____ Wrinkled seeds = ___ T t r

  20. What are the possible gametes? Homozygous Tall parent = What gametes can it produce? T T   T T

  21. What are the possible gametes? PURE wrinkled parent = What gametes can it produce? rr   r r

  22. What are the possible gametes? Heterozygous Round parent = What gametes can it produce? R r   R r

  23. What are the possible gametes? Hybrid Tall parent = What gametes can it produce? Tt   T t

More Related