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1920s - The Post War Years

1920s - The Post War Years. US History. I. Nicknames of the Decade. “The Roaring Twenties” “The Golden Twenties” “The Jazz Age”. II. Attitude in America. 1. American public was exhausted as a result of the Progressive Era and the Great War.  

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1920s - The Post War Years

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  1. 1920s - The Post War Years US History

  2. I. Nicknames of the Decade • “The Roaring Twenties” • “The Golden Twenties” • “The Jazz Age”

  3. II. Attitude in America • 1. American public was exhausted as a result of the Progressive Era and the Great War.   • 2. Many Americans wanted to return to “normalcy”. (Term used by President Warren G. Harding)

  4. II. Attitude in America • 3. Isolationism - United States pulled away from world affairs. • 4. Nativism - Suspicion of foreign people, anti immigration.

  5. II. Attitude in America • 5. Political Conservatism - Against government activism from the Progressive Era. • Voted Republican (Anti-Wilson, Anti-League of Nations). • 6. Red Scare - Fear of communism. Believed labor unions were part of an international communist revolution.

  6. III. American Economy • 1. 1914-1920: The cost of living doubled (inflation). • 2. After 1918, the economy slowly returned to peacetime (reduced) production.

  7. III. American Economy • 3. Soldiers retuned to the labor force. Women and minorities were laid off. • 4. Unemployment reached 6 million. No unemployment insurance or Social Security.

  8. III. American Economy • 5. New methods/ machines increased farm production. Less demand for farm products after the war. • 6. Industry became more standardized during the war - more efficient. • 7. Tariffs were enacted. Protected US industry, but slowed the world economy.

  9. IV. Society in America • 1. Automobile sales grew by the millions every year. Demand for highway construction increased. • 2. Use of gasoline and electrically powered machines increased.

  10. IV. Society in America • 3. Advertising increased - to sell more products. • 4. Credit - allowed consumers to buy goods and pay for them over an extended period of time.

  11. IV. Society in America • 5. US Urban population grew faster than the rural population. • 6. Numerous changes for women: 1. Fashion- shorter dresses, hats, beads, bracelets, short “bobbed” hair. 2. Smoking and drinking in public became socially acceptable. 3. 19th Amendment (1920) - suffrage, women’s right to vote.

  12. IV. Society in America • 7. 18th Amendment was passed (1917)- outlawed the manufacture, sale, transportation of intoxicating liquors. • 8. Organized crime increased.

  13. IV. Society in America • 9. Science and religion clash over the teaching of the Bible and evolution in public schools . • Scopes Trial: was a landmark American legal case in 1925 in which high school biology teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act which made it unlawful to teach evolution.

  14. IV. Society in America • 10. Jazz music becomes popular. Led to dances like the fox trot, tango, camel walk, lindy hop, and the shimmy. • Musicians - “Duke” Ellington and Louis Armstrong.

  15. IV. Society in America • 11. Public School enrollment increases. • 12. Radio became the most powerful form of communication.

  16. IV. Society in America • 13. Sports-baseball was the most popular, followed by boxing. • Baseball - Babe Ruth • Tennis - Bill Tilden and Helen Willis • College Football - Red Grange • Boxing - Jack Dempsey

  17. IV. Society in America • 14. Charles Lindbergh - first solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean. • May 20th, 1927 • - 33 hours, 29 minutes

  18. IV. Society in America • 15. Movies, theater, literature, and art increased in popularity. • Charlie Chaplin – movies • F. Scott Fitzgerald – writer

  19. IV. Society in America • Georgia O’Keeffe – art • Ernest Hemingway - writer

  20. IV. Society in America • 16. Little social change for most African-Americans. • 17. Harlem Renaissance - A movement that celebrated African-American culture.

  21. V. Presidents of the 1920s • 1913-1921 Woodrow Wilson (Dem) • - WWI • - 14 Points • - League of Nations

  22. V. Presidents of the 1920s • 1921-1923 Warren G. Harding (Rep) • - Return to Normalcy • “Ohio Gang” • Scandals

  23. V. Presidents of the 1920s • 1923-1929 Calvin Coolidge (Rep) • - “Silent Cal.” • Did nothing. Let country run itself with little gov. action • “Silent in 5 different languages”

  24. V. Presidents of the 1920s • 1929-1933 Herbert Hoover (Rep) • - Crash of stock market • Great Depression begins • “Rugged Individualism” • “Hoovervilles”

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