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tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

4 . Anwj qy KyqIbwVI.

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tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

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  1. 4. Anwj qy KyqIbwVI rswiexkW qy rswiexk ienjnIArW dy dyx hY ijs nwl cMgIAW PslW augweIAw qy v~FIAW jwdIAW qy vDyry Bojn Kwx leI iml irhw hY[ 19-vI qy 20-vI sdI dy moV qy rsoeI c Gr Xw ipMf dy KyqW qoN Bojn Awaudw, m~Kx Gr irVkx qoN, ivhVy c murgIAW, mws leI brP dw f~bw qy Bojn l~kVI Xw koly nwl p~kdw sI[ ipClI sdI c KyqI ijAwdw aupjwaU, qy pwnI Awm imldw hY[ A~j KyqI nvIn FMg nwl irE, kIVy mwr dvweIAW qy Anwj bhuq hY[lokw nUM nvIn tknOlOjI kwrn Bojn svwd, A~KW nUM Bwaudy qy ishq mMd hn[ ivigAwn vDdI jnqw nUM bojn dy rhy hn] tknOlOjIdy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl 4.1.Kwd qy zmIn dy nUautrIAYt nweItrojn jmW krnI hybr-bwS qkIkw rswiexk KwdW c qr~kI hrI krwqI qy hweIbirf bUty 4.2.PslW bcOxIAW qy pYst rok PMgs mwr borfo qrIkw fI fI tI qy pYstIsweIf pSUAW dI iePwzq mSInrI nwl KyqI 4.3.Bojn sur~iKk qy Kwx lwiek Kwx Xog qy sur~iKk sYkirn qy imTy ivtwimns qy imnrls prIzrvySn qy Anwj Kwx Xog bxwxw Anwj shI qy cMgw 4.4.Anwz stor krnw Bojn pYk krnw rPirjrYnts qy kloroPlorokwrbn mweIkrovyv culy swP pwnI

  2. 4.tknOlOjIdy mhwn kdm Anwj qy KyqIbwVI c lUeI pwscr pSUAW dy vYksIn lw rhy hn muF qoN A~j q~k 1881PrWs dy ivigAwnk lueI pwscr ny ByfW qy sUrW leI AynQrYks vYksIn dI Koj kIqI[ 1883fYinS rswiexk johwn gustwv kYlfwl ny AOrgYink nwtrojn nwpx dw qrIkw KoijAw[ 1884PrWs bOitinst pIAr imlwrfYt ny AMgUrW dI aulI htwx leI borfo imSrx bxwieAw[ 1901jwn kuAYnI mnsYto kMmpnI dy moFI ny sYkirn dI Koj kIqI[ 1913jrmn rswiexkW PirtX qy kwrl bwS ny AmonIey dy kwrKwny sMBv kIqy[ 1913AYlmr vI mklm qy mwrgurweIt fyvf m~Kx qy Awfy dy pIlk coN ivtwmn ey inkwilAw[ 1918kYlvInytr kMMpnI ny kmprYsr vwlw GrW leI rPirjrytr bxwieAw[ 1933duD c ivtwmn fI imlw ky ivkx l~gw[ 1939sivs rswiexk pwl mulr ny jwixAW ik fI fI tI nwl kIVy mwry jwdy hn[ 1943XU AYs KyqIbwVI mYkmy ny iensYktIsweIf dI DMud PslW leI l~BI[ 1953fwAo kMMmpnI ny GrW leI srYn rYp bxweI[ 1964hrI krWqI ny nvyN hweIbirf bUty qy qrl irE nwl dunIAW dI nUtrISn mslw h~l kIqw[ 1972AmrIkw c fI fI tI vrqoN bMd kIqI, sB qo pihlW hMgrI ny ieh 1968 c bMd kr idqI sI[ 1974mnsYnto ny rwauf-Ap jo ibn vwhy hwnI kwrk bUty mwrdw hY bxwieAw[ 1990 nvIn Anwj POrtIPIkySn qy nUtrwsUtIkl mShUr hoey[ nwtrojn nwpx dw AprYits pIAr Aym ey imlwrfYt AWfy dI zrdI c ivtwmn ey sYkirn dw f~bw duD c ivtwmn fI kYlvInytr dw GrW leI irPirjIrytr mnsYto dw postr fI fI tI dw f~bw

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