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American Foreign Policy 1900-present

American Foreign Policy 1900-present. A Brief Outline. Events that Shaped American Foreign Policy from 1900-present. Isolationism after Spanish American War World War I (1914-1918) Return to Isolationism (1918-1941) World War II (1941-1945) Cold War (1945-1989)

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American Foreign Policy 1900-present

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  1. American Foreign Policy 1900-present A Brief Outline

  2. Events that Shaped American Foreign Policy from 1900-present • Isolationism after Spanish American War • World War I (1914-1918) • Return to Isolationism (1918-1941) • World War II (1941-1945) • Cold War (1945-1989) • Korean War/Cuban Missile Crises/Vietnam War (1950-1973) • Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) • 9/11 and the War in Iraq (9/11/01 – present)

  3. Pre WWI Isolationism Focal Points • Develop strong economy • Build infrastructure in new lands • Return to isolationism

  4. World War I: American Involvement • 1916 • Woodrow Wilson’s Pledge: “keep us out of war” • Wins election • 1917 • RMS Lusitania sunk by German U-boats • 128 Americans killed • Wilson wants to “make the world safe for democracy”. • Therefore, we join the war.

  5. America at end of WWI…1919 • Pres. Wilson goes to Versailles, France to sign peace treaty. • Wilson asks for “League of Nations” to be formed • Democracies should work together to ensure world peace.

  6. WWI Aftermath • League of Nations is turned down by Congress • L. of Nations would force us into war to protect other countries. • Congress wants to return to isolationism • Therefore, League of Nations is established • USA is not a member! • We are neutral again….until WWII

  7. Isolation years in America….1920’s • Roaring 1920-1929 • Good times • Economic boom! • 1929 • Stock Market Crash

  8. Isolation Years in America…1930’s to WWII • 1930-1937 • Great Depression! • 1937-1941 • US making money again • Sell goods to Europe while it destroys itself again….

  9. U.S Foreign Policy argument in 1940 • FDR (Democrat) • Believed US should be involved in Europe to stop Hitler • Republican Congress • Wanted to keep America isolated • What does this mean for Europe?

  10. Europe in 1940

  11. Pearl HarborDecember 7,1941

  12. End of WWII….boom!

  13. End of WWII…beginning of Cold War • Main goal of US after WWII • Expand democracy to keep Communism from spreading! • 1947 • POTUS Truman signs the Truman Doctrine • Declares U.S. foreign policy = containment of Communism • How? • Keep democracies for becoming Communist • So, America has to be the leader in this war, right??

  14. 1949…Communism v. Capitalism

  15. America vs. Communism • 1950 • Korean War breaks out • North Korea = Communism • South Korea = Capitalist • Capitalists win • 1959 • Fidel Castro takes over Cuba • Makes it Communist • 1961-1973 • Vietnam War • North Vietnam = Communism • South Vietnam = Capitalism • Communists win

  16. Cuban Missile Crises…how the world almost got blown up! • 1963 (6 days of Terror) • Russia started moving nuclear weapons to Cuba. • Castro liked annoying the US. • POTUS JFK • Told Russia to take weapons out of Cuba or else we would blow it off the face of the Earth! • And we waited….

  17. And we waited….

  18. Cold War Thaws Out…1963-1989 • 1963 • Russia finally takes weapons out of Cuba. • This scary moment leads to détente • Stop using nuclear weapons to promote foreign policy. • Russia and USA slow down nuclear weapon making. • 1989 • Russia falls apart • Communism ends in USSR.

  19. Persian Gulf War1990-1991 • Iraq leader Saddam Hussein orders attacks Kuwait • Wants to take control of their oil fields • POTUS Bush I • Sends in US Army to free Kuwait • Why? • We want control of the oil!

  20. Persian Gulf War ends….or does it? • 1991 • Hussein orders retreat out of Kuwait. • US troops come home. • Hussein stays in power…. • Does this make sense?

  21. 9/11 Attacks lead to us going back to fight terrorists….right? • Al-Qaeda is from where? • From Afghanistan • POTUS Bush II • Sends US military to Iraq? • We kick out Saddam Hussein • Start a new democratic government. • What about the terrorists?

  22. War in Afghanistan, to find the terrorists!

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