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Smart Grid Vision: Vision for a Holistic Power Supply and Delivery Chain

Smart Grid Vision: Vision for a Holistic Power Supply and Delivery Chain. Stephen Lee Senior Technical Executive Power Delivery & Utilization November 2008. Smart Grid Two Way Communications….Sensors…….Intelligence. Hype. Smart Grid.

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Smart Grid Vision: Vision for a Holistic Power Supply and Delivery Chain

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  1. Smart Grid Vision: Vision for a Holistic Power Supply and Delivery Chain Stephen Lee Senior Technical Executive Power Delivery & Utilization November 2008

  2. Smart GridTwo Way Communications….Sensors…….Intelligence Hype Smart Grid Need an Objective Assessment of the Potential for Smart Transmission and the Path to Achieve it

  3. M ZIP Power Plants Transmission System Distribution System Fuel Supply System Renewable Plants Fuel Source/Storage Energy Storage End-uses & DR Controllers Dynamic Power Plant Models Dynamic Load Models End-to-End Power Delivery Chain Operation & Planning Sensors Data Communication Wide Area Control Monitoring, Modeling, Analysis, Coordination & Control

  4. Outage Management End-to-End Dispatch Security Network Management Data Management SCADA Restoration Protection Protection Most Needed Capabilities Requiring Research • Hierarchical Integration of Entire Supply & Delivery Chain • Optimal End-to-End Dispatch under Uncertainties • Dynamic Models of Generators and Loads • Online Alarm Root-Cause Diagnostics • Prevention of Cascading Outages, Safety Nets • Fast System Restoration After Blackouts ChainIntegration Dynamic Models Alarm Management

  5. Each Day is a different color. • Day 29 • Day 9 • Day 5 • Day 26 • Average Tehachapi, California Wind Generation in April – 2005 MW Could you predict the energy production for this wind park either day-ahead or 5 hours in advance? 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Source: California ISO Hour

  6. Potential wind curtailment CAES Methods of Coping with Wind Uncertainty • Short-Term • Better wind forecasting • Carry more operating and spinning reserve to handle up and down ramps of wind output • Rapid coordination with demand response and energy storage • Long-Term • Build more energy storage, e.g., Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) • Controllable demand response • Holistic planning of transmission, generation and demand • Virtual Service Aggregator

  7. Potential Role of the Virtual Service Aggregator

  8. Alarm Management Alarm Management • Need to diagnose root-cause of alarm messages • Need to link diagnosis to operator procedure • Current EMS alarm management uses technologies of the 1970s • Need to integrate all sources of data and messages, through a hierarchical approach

  9. Why Accurate Load and Generator Models Are Needed? • Inadequacy of current model data • Inaccurate voltage recovery simulation after disturbances • Uncertainty about generator reactive power capabilities • Implications • Uncertainty about the stability margin of the power grid • Unaware of real risk of cascading blackouts or voltage collapse, or • Under utilization of available stability margin for greater economic benefits Southern Co.’s GenVARRTM

  10. Effective System Restoration Can Reduce The Societal Impact Of Widespread Blackouts • Operators need online decision support for restoration strategies • How can automation be used to improve system restoration? Source: Mike Adibi, NSF/EPRI Workshop on Understanding and Preventing Cascading Failures in Power Systems, Oct 28, 2005.

  11. Prevention of Cascading Outages – Safety Nets • Application of SynchroPhasor Measurements for Controlled Separation, Load Shedding and Generation Rejection • Controlled separation is an effective last resort to mitigate severe cascading failures • Voltage Instability Load Shedding • Online risk monitoring of potential cascading outages

  12. Thank you

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