ECOLOGY

1. ECOLOGY

2. Competition – two species share a requirement for a limited resource  reduces fitness of one or both species

3. Predation – one species feeds on another  enhances fitness of predator but reduces fitness of prey herbivory is a form of predation

4. Symbiosis – two species live together  can include parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism

5. Parasitism – one species feeds on another  enhances fitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host

6. Mutualism – two species provide resources or services to each other  enhances fitness of both species

7. Commensalism – one species receives a benefit from another species  enhances fitness of one species; no effect on fitness of the other species

8. Living part of the environment Biotic Abiotic Sun provides energy for living things Ecology – the study of the interactions b/tw organisms & their environment Nonliving part, water, soil, light, etc. 2 Parts – Biotic and Abiotic Prey Predator Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism Consumers An organism that eats another organism Part of Earth where life exists An organism that is eaten by another organism biosphere Herbivore – A consumer that eats plants Ex – prarie dog Carnivore – A consumer that ears animals. Omnivore – a consumer that eats a variety of organisms Scavenger – an animal that feeds on the bodies of dead animals Organisms and their nonliving environment A close, long term relationship between 2 or more species ecosystems communities Both species benefit. (a type of symbiosis) All the pops of different species populations Same species One species benefits and one is not affected One species benefits and one is harmed Individual organisms Niche Habitat An organism’s way of life (its job) producers consumers carnivores herbivores The environment where an organism lives Producer consumer decomposer Organisms that eat producers or other organisms (see list on the left) Bacteria and Fungi that breakdown the remains of dead animals Organism that uses sunlight To make food (direct)