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Topic: All about Acids and Bases Do Now:

Topic: All about Acids and Bases Do Now:. Acids. IDENTIFY an Acid Covalent Formulas that start with H ( exception: H 2 O 2 and H 2 O ) or end with COOH. Table K. Properties of Acids. Sour taste Electrolytes: - ionize in water =conduct electric current

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Topic: All about Acids and Bases Do Now:

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  1. Topic: All about Acids and BasesDo Now:

  2. Acids

  3. IDENTIFY an AcidCovalent Formulas that start with H (exception: H2O2 and H2O) or end with COOH Table K

  4. Properties of Acids • Sour taste • Electrolytes: - ionize in water =conduct electric current - HCl H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) - HNO3  H+(aq) + NO3-(aq) • React with bases to form water and salt (Neutralization Reaction) • React with most metals to produce H2(g) and a salt • Why not all metals? HINT: Table J • Acids turn litmus red HCl + Mg  2 MgCl2 + H2

  5. Arrhenius Acid • Substance that contains hydrogen & produces H+1 ions in aqueous solution HCl(g) H+1(aq) + Cl-1(aq) HNO3H+1(aq) + NO3-1(aq) • An in H+ ions makes the solution Acidic H2O H2O

  6. Naming Binary Acids • Hydro + stem of nonmetal + ic HF = ? HCl = ? H2S = ? Hydrofluoric acid Hydrochloric acid Hydrosulfic acid

  7. Not all acids are created equal • Strong acids completely dissociate • HCl H+ + Cl- • HNO3 H+ + NO3- • HBr H+ + Br- • HI  H+ + I- • Weak acids • HF • CH3COOH • Acetic acid • Ethanoic acid

  8. Strong acid in water = almost no original HA leftall converted to H3O+ and A-

  9. Weak Acid

  10. Which would be a better electrolyte? • HF or HI • HCl or CH3COOH

  11. Car Batteries Car batteries are typically made of plates of lead and separate lead dioxide plates what are submerged into an solution of about 65% water and 35% H2SO4 WHY do you think this is?

  12. Bases

  13. IDENTIFY a Base Covalent Formulas metal + OH (exception:NH3 it’s a base too) Table L CH3OH isNOTa base.WHY?

  14. Properties ofBases • Bitter taste • Slippery or soapy feeling • Caustic – dissolve your skin • Electrolytes • NaOH Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) • React with acids to produce water and salt • Bases turn litmusblue

  15. Arrhenius Base • substance that contains hydroxide group & produces OH-1 ions in aqueous solution (expect NH3 it’s a base too) NaOH(s)  Na+1(aq) +OH-1(aq)

  16. THERE IS A LIMITATION TO THIS MODEL… • NH3 is a base but it doesn’t contain OH-1 but it produces OH-1 :NH3 + H2O  NH4+1 + OH-1

  17. NamingBases • Name the metal + hydroxide NaOH = ? Ca(OH)2 = ? Mg(OH)2 = ? Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide

  18. Not all bases are created equal • Strong bases 100% dissociate • Group 1 and Group 2 metals + OH are considered Strong bases • NaOH Na+(aq)+ OH-(aq) • Weak bases • NH3

  19. REVIEW • Acids: start with H or end with COOH • Produces H+ ions • Turn litmus red • Bases: metal + OH • Produces OH- ions • Turn litmus blue

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