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WELCOME TO CLS 1113

WELCOME TO CLS 1113. INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL LABORATORY PRACTICES. LABORATORY SAFETY. How safe are you???? We can group laboratory safety into two groups. Biological Chemical. Biological Safety. How are diseases transmitted in the lab? Inhalation, Ingestion, Inoculation

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WELCOME TO CLS 1113

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  1. WELCOME TO CLS 1113 INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL LABORATORY PRACTICES

  2. LABORATORY SAFETY • How safe are you???? • We can group laboratory safety into two groups. • Biological • Chemical

  3. Biological Safety • How are diseases transmitted in the lab? • Inhalation, Ingestion, Inoculation • What types of diseases are we at risk for. • HIV • HBV • HCV • HIV • Affects our T-cells (lymphocytes)

  4. Diseases Continued • Hepatitis • Define: • Types • A • B • C • Others • Incubation and transmission

  5. OSHA • Occupational Health and Safety Act (1970) • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Dept. of Labor) • Initially these rules did not apply to governmental agencies • All types of industry must have extensive safety manuals and protection equipment. • New regulations (Protective Needles)

  6. CDC • To help us further, in 1987 the CDC published a set of recommendations we now call “Universal Precautions”. • Treat ALL patient samples as if they were infectious.

  7. Proper Disposal Biohazard Bags

  8. Sharps Containers

  9. Broken Glass • Uncontaminated glass only • Contaminated glass must go in sharps containers.

  10. If you spill a biohazard. • Inform those around you what has transpired. • Squirt down the spill with the provided surface disinfectant. • Wipe up spill. • Everything goes in the trash.

  11. Protective Equipment

  12. Fire Extinguishers • Types • A • B • C

  13. Notice to all students!!!!! • No eating, drinking, smoking, or applying make-up in the lab. WHY? • Do not store food in lab refrigerators.

  14. Other rules of conduct • No open-toed shoes • We advise against wearing contacts • Lab coats must be buttoned-up and worn at all times. • Calm down your hair if it is out of control • If you discover an electrical hazard, please inform the lab manager.

  15. Strong Acids and Bases • Caustic chemical if…. • pH is >12.5 or < 2.0 • Dilute acids with Sodium Bicarbonate. • Dilute bases with dilute Boric Acid. • When mixing acids or bases with water: • ADD THE CHEMICAL TO THE WATER

  16. Hazards to be aware of. • Ethers-explosive • Cyanide-poisonous when mixed with strong acids • Mercury • Sodium Azide-combustible with metals • Nitric Acids-forms triple bonds with alcohols and aromatic compounds. • Picric Acid-explosive when dry

  17. MSDS • Define MSDS: • Why? Employee right to know! • Available for EACH chemical in the lab. • For example…. • Chemical and trade name • Chemicals, hazards, physical data, health hazards, fire and explosion data, and protection and treatment information.

  18. MSDS • Information on each sheet • Hazardous ingredients • Physical and chemical characteristics • Physical hazards • Reactivity • Health hazards • Precautions for safe handling and use • Regulatory information

  19. Common Safety Symbols

  20. CARCINOGEN

  21. Examples: • acids <2.0 pH • bases >12.5

  22. Examples: • Sodium Azide • Ether • Nitric Acid with alcohol

  23. Examples: • alcohols • acetone • solvents • Flammable substances must be kept in a special cabinet.

  24. National Fire Protection Agency • They wanted to not only show the hazard but also how severe the hazard is. • 0-no hazard • 1-slight • 2-moderate • 3-severe • 4-extreme

  25. Colors • red--flammability • blue--health • yellow--reactivity • white--other • don’t add water • radioactive • etc.

  26. #1- slight flammability, extreme reactivity, severe health, and do not add water #2- moderate flammability, slight reactivity, and no known health hazard EXAMPLES

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