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DIFFERENT KINDS OF JOINTS

DIFFERENT KINDS OF JOINTS. 5.4. Joints are where two or more bones meet . They are divided into three types depending on how freely the bones can move . Movement would not be possible without the three joint types . 1. Fixed or immovable joints Eg . Joints between cranium plates .

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DIFFERENT KINDS OF JOINTS

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  1. DIFFERENT KINDS OF JOINTS 5.4

  2. Joints arewheretwoormorebonesmeet. Theyaredividedintothreetypesdepending on howfreelythebonescanmove. Movement would not bepossiblewithoutthethreejointtypes. 1. Fixed orimmovablejoints Eg. Joints betweencraniumplates. 2. Slightlymoveablejoints Eg. Betweenvertebraeandribs 3. Freelymoveable (synovial) joints Eg. Knee, shoulderandelbowjoints

  3. Fixed orimmovablejoints • Bones cannotmove at all. • They interlock/overlap-held togetherbytoughfibre. • Present in areasrequiringgreatstrength. The joints in thecraniumandsacrum (baseofthespine) aregoodexamples. Sacrum

  4. Slightlymoveablejoints • Limited movement. • Held togetherby strong, whitestrapscalledligamentsandjoinedbycartilage. This actsas a cushionandstopsbonesrubbingtogether. • Eg. Joints betweenyourvertebraeandribs. In thevertebraethecartilageactsasshockabsorberswhenrunningandjumping. • The jointsbetweenyourribsandsternummoveslightlywhenyoubreath in and out. Remember- Ligaments:Joinbonetobone Tendons:Joinmuscletobone

  5. Freelymoveablejoints Also calledsynovialjoints. They all havetheseparts: Joint capsule: Holds togetherandprotects Synovialmembrane: Lines thecapsuleandcontainssynovial fluid Joint cavity: Small gapbetweenthebones Cartilage: Covers end ofbones Ligaments: Holds bonestogetherandkeepsthem in place Eg.

  6. Freelymoveablejoints (cont) Dividedintofourtypes: 1) Ball/socket, 2) Hinge, 3) Pivot 4) Gliding Ball and Socket Joint • Most moveablejoint • Onebonehas a ball that fitsinto a socket on the otherone. • Can turn in manydirections. • Eg. Hip andshoulderjoint. Hip jointShoulderjoint

  7. The hinge joint • Works like a hinge on a door. • The bonecan swing backwardsandforwards. • Cotton reelshapedbonefitsinto a hollow on theother. • The joint will open untilitisstraight, but nofurther. • Eg. The elbowandkneejoints

  8. The pivotjoint Onebonehas a bitthatjuts out, like a peg. This fitsinto a ring ornotch on theotherbone. • Limited movement (Onlyrotation). • Eg. Joint betweenatlasandaxis- The top twobonesofyourvertebrae. • The jointbetweentheradiusandtheulna (Bones in yourlowerelbow)

  9. The glidingjoint • The endsoftheboneare flat enoughtoglideovereachother. • Thereis a littlemovement in all directions. • Least movementof all synovialjoints. • Eg. Joints betweencarpals (hand) andtarsals (foot). carpals

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