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Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista. Protists. Can be divided into plant-like, animal-like, and fungus-like groups Important members of the phytoplankton and zooplankton We will concentrate on plant-like and animal-like. Plant-like Protists. Algae Aquatic (freshwater or marine)

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Kingdom Protista

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  1. Kingdom Protista

  2. Protists • Can be divided into plant-like, animal-like, and fungus-like groups • Important members of the phytoplankton and zooplankton • We will concentrate on plant-like and animal-like

  3. Plant-like Protists • Algae • Aquatic (freshwater or marine) • Found anywhere you find tiny drops of water • Photosynthetic • Cell walls containing cellulose • Can be green, red or brown • Color reflects concentration of pigments in chloroplasts • Diatoms • Dinoflagellates

  4. Green Algae • Phylum Chlorophyta • Majority live in freshwater • Reproduce asexually and sexually • Most unicellular • Ex: Sea Lettuce (Ulva) • Marine algae • Resembles a large leaf of lettuce • Reproduces sexually

  5. Red Algae • Phylum Rhodophyta • Primarily marine, found in warm oceans • Red pigment masks green color of chlorophyll • Can grow on rocks and other algae & plants • Some can be parasitic • Important uses: • Agar-used for culture media for growing bacteria • Irish moss-used to make a type of pudding • Porphyra-used to make sushi, soups, seasonings

  6. Brown Algae • Phylum Phaeophyta • Marine, found in cooler water & along shores • Yellow pigment masks green chlorophyll • Can be microscopic to 100 meters in size • Reproduce sexually • Ex: rockweed, kelp • Important uses: • Algin-used in cosmetics & food industry • Iodine- concentrated in kelp tissues, harvested for table salt

  7. Diatoms • Phylum Bacillariophyta • Unicellular • Microscopic • Freshwater & marine • Mainly reproduce asexually, reproduce sexually when reach a certain size • Provide much of the world’s oxygen • Yellow pigments that mask chlorophyll

  8. Cell walls formed by double shell, 2 halves (frustules) fit together like box • Shell made of silica (glass-like material) • Can’t be decomposed and recycled by bacteria • Shells accumulate on bottom of sea, may form sedimentary rocks & deposits called diatomaceous earth • Deposits mined & used for swimming pool filters, silver polish, toothpaste

  9. Dinoflagellates • Phylum Pyrrophyta • Unicellular • Armored in stiff cellulose walls • 2 flagella used in locomotion • Contain chlorophyll • Reproduce asexually • Some produce powerful toxins, are parasites, or symbionts

  10. Animal-Like Protists • Known as Protozoa • Mostly heterotrophic • Abundant in damp soil, fresh, and marine water • Include: Amoeba, Foraminiferans, Paramecium, Radiolarians

  11. Amoebas • Unicellular • Found in mud & sandy bottoms of marine habitats • Move by pseudopodia- “false foot”, push forward in finger-like projections of cytoplasm • Use to surround & engulf prey • Reproduce by binary fission

  12. Foraminiferans • Shelled amoebas • Shell made of calcium chloride, has many chambers • Many small openings through which pseudopodia project • Marine • Reproduce sexually & asexually • Shells of dead foraminiferans make up special sediments • Some is brought to surface & forms chalk deposits • Ex: White Cliffs of Dover, English Channel

  13. Radiolarians • Shells made of silica • Small openings w/ pseudopodia projecting outward • Reproduce sexually • Marine • Live throughout the different zones of the oceans

  14. Paramecium • Phylum Ciliophora • Unicellular • Marine & freshwater • Distinct anterior & posterior ends • Move by cilia • Short, whip-like extensions that beat in rhythm

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