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Texas History

Texas History. Chapter 1: Map Skills and Terms. Map Skills: Important Terms Review. Cardinal Directions North, South, East and West Continent One of the seven large land masses on the earth. Intermediate Directions Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest Hemispheres “Half Spheres”

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Texas History

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  1. Texas History Chapter 1: Map Skills and Terms

  2. Map Skills: Important Terms Review • Cardinal Directions • North, South, East and West • Continent • One of the seven large land masses on the earth.

  3. Intermediate Directions • Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest • Hemispheres • “Half Spheres” • Equator • Imaginary line that runs around the earth halfway between the north and south poles

  4. Prime Meridian • Line of the global grid running from the north pole to the south pole • Relief Map • Shows changes in elevation over a given area of land • Scale • Shows the relationship between maps measurements and the actual distance

  5. Geography • Geography deals with the present by helping to explain why people live the way they do. • The study of spatial aspects of the earth and the people who live in it. • It also explains the past, and why certain events occurred.

  6. Texas History and Geo. • When you study places and events in Texas History you should ask yourself six questions: • Where is the place? • What is the place like? • How is the place similar and different from other places? • How do people who live there interact with their environment? • How are those people in that place linked with other people and places? • How does geography relate to the past, present, and future of that place?

  7. Location • Location answers the question “Where is it?” • There are 2 types of location: absolute location and relative location. • Absolute:the exact position of a place on the Earth’s surface. (Latitude/Longitude) • Relative: the position of a place in relation to other places.

  8. Places and Regions • Geographers also look at places and regions. Place refers to those features and characteristics that give an area its own identity or personality. Regions are areas that are united by one or more common characteristic. When many places share similar characteristics, they form a region.

  9. Human-Environment Interaction Human-Environment interaction is the relationship linking people to their surrounding environment. Examples of human-environment interactions are recycling, drinking water from plastic bottles, cutting down trees, and building farms or cities.

  10. Human and Physical Systems Human systems are the way people go about shaping the world. Geographers also analyze how physical systems-suchas volcanoes, glaciers, and hurricanes- interact and shape the Earth’s surface.

  11. Who Uses Geography? • Government • Businesses • Individuals • Geography is used on a daily basis by almost everyone! • Cultural Diffusion: • Borrowing and integrating ideas specific to one group of people into the culture of another.

  12. Facts about Texas • Texas is the second largest state, and only Alaska is bigger. The total surface area of Texas is 267,277 square miles, including land and water. Over all, Texas makes up 7 percent of the total area of the United States. • Texas is larger than many nations, including Ecuador, France, Japan and Vietnam!

  13. Natural Resources • Plains are gently rolling and may have low hills. The southern most point in Texas lies mostly on a level plain. • Barrier islands protect the mainland shore from ocean waves. • An escarpment is a long cliff. The Balcones Escarpment follows a weak part of the Earth’s crust, called a fault. • A plateau is a level landform with steep edges.

  14. Continued… • The Rio Grande forms most of Texas’s southern boundary. Two major rivers found in the Texas Panhandle are the Red River and the Canadian. • Texas has about 200 major lakes. • An aquifer is an underground water reservoir, however many water levels are declining in our aquifers.

  15. Continued… • Springs occur where aquifers meet the surface. Springs can be found in San Antonio, New Braunfels, Austin and San Marcos • The three vegetation regions in Texas are: forests, savannahs and grasslands. In a grassland region, only short grasses and shrubs grow, except in the mountains and along streams.

  16. Section 3 • Texas lies in the Middle Latitudes • The Middle Latitudes is the region between the equator and North Pole. • We have mild winters because Texas is not far north of the equator. • Because of the size of Texas, the climate of South Texas is much warmer than the climate of North Texas.

  17. Unpredictable Weather • Texas has a reputation for having high unpredictable weather. • The spring and fall are especially dangerous in Texas because of the mixing of warm and cold air. • Tornadoes • Hurricanes • Dust Storms • Northerns

  18. Weather Continued… • On average, there are 153 tornadoes each year • April, May and June are the peak months for severe weather. • In September of 1967, a Hurricane sparked 115 tornadoes in Texas. • 67 of them hit on the same day

  19. The Gulf of Mexico • Most of the year, winds blow inland from the South, Southeast and Southwest. • Ocean breezes cool the land in the summer, and warm it in the winter. • Most rainfall that falls in Texas comes from the Gulf of Mexico. • Destructive storms that come from the gulf are also very destructive.

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