Mainstreaming and its Vision

1. Facilitating grb with cbms:a way forward to gender mainstreamingthe escalante city experiencea presentation to the 5th CBMS natl conferencejanuary31 2008manila hotelcelia flordawn foundationcity councilor,bacolod city

2. Mainstreaming and its Vision VISION Women and men equally participating in and benefiting from development Client-directed Interventions Organizational Transformation Policies People Enabling Mechanisms Programs/ Projects/ Activities

3. Challenges to GRB • Compliance to gad planning and budgeting has been low and slow (after a decade, only recently has it reached about 40%-though again waning) • Lack of local level gender disaggregated data • Lack of appreciation (understanding and guide to implementation) of gad concepts and issues by LGUs • Resistance of LGUs to “outsiders” look at budgets and where these go

4. Challenges • LGUs burdened with so many plans, gad planning and budgeting is for “token compliance”, with weak link to database on local situation of women and men,girls and boys • LGUs’ lack of appreciation of the concept and process of gender mainstreaming (vs.the 5%)

5. Needed inputs to grpb: -Sex disaggregated data -situation analysis, a look at conditions of women and men,girls and boys; - a look at positions/status of women and men

6. .Standard cbms looks at these conditions which can be linked to MBG (manifestations of gender bias) Enhanced cbms-grb adds to a look at positions/status of women and men, girls and boys;to an extent, power relations,influence to decision making: -hh roles -asset ownership -community/political participation

7. results • HEALTH indicator highlights • Almost half(49.59%)of the hh population don’t have access to safe water • 59.42% don’t have access to sanitary toilets • 6.9% of female children and 5.24% of male children (0-5 yrs) are malnourished- attesting to meaningful feeding program by the CHO

8. EDUCATION Indicator Highlights -22.32% of girls (1631) while 26.27% boys (2049) aged 6-12 yrs old are NOT attending elementary school -44.08% girls (1958) while 61.02% boys (2927) aged 13-16 yrs old are Not attending secondary school -6.42% females (2091) while 6.91% males (2339) 10 yrs old and above are illiterates **during validations,reasons given for non attendance to schools is for both children’s role in helping the family to earn/augment income

9. While a little more female children skip school, the more pressing issue is that both (86.79%) are forced to skip school to be able to help the family earn. Their right to be in school is hampered and a risk to their development opportunities

10. VAWC AND OTHER CRIMES Responses tothis indicator has not been encouraging as expected,as some deal with sensitive issues touching on personal relations within the households. A look at the DSSD and Police reports and the FGDs gave a better picture of the issue of VAWC incidence

12. Enhanced cbms indicators • HH roles • Power relations • Community participation • Asset ownership

13. Household activities by sex, Barangay Jonobjonob and Old Poblacion

14. Community participation and political participation

15. Asset ownership,an indicator on control of resources and benefits,may be linked to power relations and decision making capacities for womenrespondents answers seem to reflect the sense of “right to ownership “ of both women and men to properties and assets within the home even as owner registration/titles to such were not determined by the survey

16. Economic participation • Data shows that women are contributing to the economy as wage earners, skilled and unskilled workers,employees,enterpreneurs,etc; at the same time, they are still burdened with more of the reproductive work in the households • Sex disaggegation of data on employment,income and skills helped “visibilise” women’s contribution to the local economy

17. The data should also help the LGU identify where the women are in the economic arena (especially the more marginalised and needs skills building) and create policies /programs which would develop their capabilities and capacities, to be better equipped economic development partners,also in control of the fruits of their labor

21. BPQ • looked at existence in barangays of facilities, structures, services and enabling mechanisms to gender mainstreaming such as gad focal point,gad budget,gad plan ( though should be expanded as to include more GeRL tool indicators) • Also added existence of women’s center/desk,day care,health center (though should include checklist on reroductive health services,etc) • A city/municipality questionnaire should be administered (probably use GeRL tool)

22. BPQ highlights • Out of 21 barangays, only 13 have accomplished the forms • -all claimed to have appropriated gad budgets, and have gad focal points • still, all have not produced gad plans (which should be the basis of the gad budgets and a means to mainstreaming) • -as a complement to the BPQ,the city was made to accomplish the GeRL tool

23. 1.validate the delivery of programs and services from the municipal and barangay units to the constituents 2.To “self assess” the impact of these programs and services in terms of: improving the quality of life of the constituents improving conditions (basic utilities as water for health, schools for education, etc.) 3.to assess gender responsiveness of the planning and budgeting process (extent of gender mainstreaming done) 4.to validate incidence on crimes against women 5. to validate and discuss patterns of work in the household , ownership of real properties and how this may afect decision making in the household to discuss political participation of women and men in the barangays and in the city FGDs were an additional feature to the validation process:

24. Some highlights of fgd • On delivery of services:participants benefitted from the following programs: • Free general examination for employees which started last year(X- ray, FBS (fasting blood sugar), bone scanning, hepa, urinalysis, ECG, cholesterol, liproviral, lipid profile, BMI). The examination is also available to the barangays for a minimal charge. • Improved farm-to-market road helped in the fast transport of our farm products • I availed free seminars • Free medicines • Our cooperative received assistance from the Office of the Provincial Agriculture and we now have an asset worth P=300,000 • There is now Cooperative Development Council where we have a representative. • Machine from OPA. • Through the social development fund of the city council, day care centers were built in the barangay

25. On improving conditions of women and men (fgd highlights) • In our implementation of Republic Act No. 9262, there is a heightened awareness among men on the law thus, we observed the minimized number of VAWC cases. • There is an improved participation of women in community involvement. • The improved condition of the road, cases are easily acted upon immediately. • The district is represented by both boys and girls in terms of promotion they are given equal chance in terms of hiring. We adhere to the policy of DepEd order that we select without biases as to sex. • They can now vote on their own for they are now literate. • There are adults who expressed their willingness to go to school. • Yes, now women are helping their husbands earn more. • The center helped me a lot in my work for I am able to put up my visual aids. Professionally, I attended seminars and there is an increase enrolment of the preschoolers. The children have play area. • The support for the fisher folks particularly the giving of motor helped them lessen their stress in fishing for they are no longer using oars. And, they are able to go farther and look for more catch. • The socialized housing projects will give security to the beneficiaries particularly those who have long been squatters. More so, the beneficiaries now are farmers.

26. On participation to the planning and budgeting processes • In my district, I have not been asked about the budget. • In our department we will confide at the district level we involved all the school heads in the planning of the different implementation of the programs. The school heads were there and we meet regularly, once a week for follow up and monitoring. • We were not involved in the legislative for the budget came from the office of the vice mayor and it is all prepared and submitted to executive. • Only our head was involved in planning and budgeting. • Barangays are consulted being members of the city development council to plan for the 20% development fund. • In our office it’s a practice already each one of us are solicited for the plans and programs and the budgeting so its already a practice in our department but I cannot speak for other departments if they do the same thing.

27. Unlike in the past, this is the first time we were called to present our department budget. It was attended by the mayor, budget officer and the city administrator. I was asked what are the needs of my office. • ** participation of LGU personnel in the planning and budgeting processes are at best limited to department heads or the local finance committee** • Barangays, thru their general assemblies, seem to have broader and more participative planning and budgeting processes

28. On HH patterns,property ownership and political participation of women • Do you think there is a need to balance the work or role of men and women, boys and girls in the household? Why? • All responded “yes”. • The wife is not all the time present to attend the needs of the family. • Afterall, there is no work exclusive to each sex.

29. Do you think property ownership affects gender relation between man and woman? • Yes, men tends to decide on the disposal of properties though owned by both husband and wife; • It is expected that men has the “say” on the property between men and women; • I was even demanded to leave the house by my husband though I owned the house; • If it is registered under the name of both husband and wife, the woman has the security that the house will not be sold by him easily.

30. Do you think there is a need for men and women to have equal participation in politics? • Yes, so that women have opportunity to deal with their problems just like men do. • To give meaning to fairness. • We would like women not to be burdened, we (men) will be the ones to earn for them. I would still like to see more men than women in politics.

31. **The FGDs enhanced the cbms in being able to ask and discuss responsiveness and sensitive questions which cannot be asked during validation exercises held in a larger, broader LGU assembly**

32. Gad planning and budgeting workshop • Reviewed gender mainstreaming, gad planning and budgeting rationale and processes • Re-presented cbms results • Linked results to planning and budgeting,discussed gender implications of results(by indicator) • Entry points to mainstreaming(PPAs) • Outcomes (PGN/SGN addressed)

33. CBMS – GRB PLAN AND BUDGETFY 2008Group composed of: SP, HRD, Brgys., Treasurer and CPDO – LGU Indicator: Employment and Income

35. Gaps • Gender assessment of programs and services • City/municipal level questionnaire • Sector Budgets were not looked at • Revision of HH and BPQs • On Primary caregiver • Vawc incidence • Ownership vs registration • On Employment,food shortage,among others • Harmonize BPQ with GeRL tool

36. Some recommendations • Gst for TWG (understanding of concepts would help “sensitize” questionnaires, processes of data gathering,etc) • Train only regular LGU personnel so transfewr of knowledge is sustained • Sustained advocacy with the LGU executive and legislative bodies • Gad assesessments of sector budgets and programs be part of the process For LGUs,Civil society: -strengthen participation of sectors,particularly women, in all phases of the planning and budgeting processes - strengthen organizing of women groups and other marginalized sectors of the community

37. Recommendations • In the light of the upcoming RPS for LGUs, an engendered cbms as basis for planning would facilitate gender mainstreaming and integration of all other sectoral concerns within the system