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Promoting the Gender Equality MDG: Women’s Economic Opportunities

Promoting the Gender Equality MDG: Women’s Economic Opportunities. William Kingsmill Head, Growth & Investment Group Policy Division. Gender inequality in education and employment reduce economic growth

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Promoting the Gender Equality MDG: Women’s Economic Opportunities

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  1. Promoting the Gender Equality MDG:Women’s Economic Opportunities William Kingsmill Head, Growth & Investment Group Policy Division

  2. Gender inequality in education and employment reduce economic growth Gender inequality reduces the amount of human capital in society and harms economic performance Countries that are unable to meet the MDG for gender equity will suffer considerable consequences in terms of foregone economic growth Gender and pro-poor growth

  3. Six gender-specific issues are important for pro-poor growth: Education for productivity Education for health Employment opportunities Empowerment opportunities Access to assets and inputs Corruption and nepotism Link between gender inequality & pro-poor growth

  4. Gender inequality in education reduces the average amount of human capital in a society and thus harms economic performance. Gender inequality, education & growth

  5. Promoting female education reduces fertility, increase female life expectancy, increases child mortality, and promotes education of the next generation Fertility, longevity & education

  6. Gender inequality in employment reduces the average amount of human capital in a society, lowers productivity and so harms economic performance. Gender inequality & employment

  7. Empowerment opportunities • Female employment increases their bargaining power within families leads to greater investment in health and education, promoting human capital of the next generation and improving the potential for further growth.

  8. Women’s activities are under-resourced and under-capitialised Widening access to productive inputs

  9. Corruption and nepotism • Women are less prone to corruption and nepotism than men. Improving the access of women to the workforce and decision-making is likely to improve governance in business and government. And getting more women into politics can promote investment of importance to women (eg time saving infrastructure)

  10. Reducing gender inequality can reduce inequality more broadly • If gender gaps are larger among poor households, closing the gender gap would disproportionately increase incomes among the poor and reduce inequality in society.

  11. The evidence suggests a wide variation of experience in individual countries …

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