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Pre-Columbian Mexico

Pre-Columbian Mexico. Major Periods. Archaic Period—6,000-2,500 b.c. Early ceremonial sites and social, political organization emerged—Tepexpan, Tlatilco (pp. 24, 46-52 Domestication of plants (pp. 29-34) Increased population density Transitioned to sedentism

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Pre-Columbian Mexico

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  1. Pre-Columbian Mexico Major Periods

  2. Archaic Period—6,000-2,500 b.c. • Early ceremonial sites and social, political organization emerged—Tepexpan, Tlatilco (pp. 24, 46-52 • Domestication of plants (pp. 29-34) • Increased population density • Transitioned to sedentism • “frees” labor through surplus production—occupational stratification • Emergence of the political state • Early technological advances-stone technology (pp.22-27) • Village life predominates

  3. Pre-Classic 2,500-200 b.c. • 1. Ceremonial centers emerge: La Venta, Tres Zapotes, San Lorenzo (pp. 61-91) • Olmec emergence • Theocratic societies • Caste organization • Ceramic manufacture • Complex religion and astronomy • Math, calendrics, sciences emerge

  4. Classic Period200 b.c.-900 a.d. • Mesoamerica’s Golden Age • A Remarkable Period • The Age of Fluorescence • Considered the apex of Mesoamerican civilization

  5. Classic 200 b.c.-900 a.d. Major Religious centers emerge: Teotihuacan,(103) Monte Alban, (124) El Tajin, (122, 139 ) the Maya centers Growing Populations (102) Urban Religious complexes, Teotihuacan, (pp. 120) Diversified agricultural production, milpa, terraces, raised fields, chinampas. Growth in Literature, calendrics, mathematics and religious complexity characterized by polytheistic thought (pp. 101-103)

  6. Post-Classic 900-1521 a.d. • Toltec, Aztec domination • Militaristic thought is elevated • Artistic samples display power, authority (213) • Emergence of the central-state authority at Tula(155) and Tenochtitlan (184) • Castas system dominated (pp. 194-198) • Tributary states-tributary system (199) • The omens (225)

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