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Basic Medical Terminology 1

Basic Medical Terminology 1. Introduction. Medical words are used daily media doctors, nurses working life Examples arthritis hepatitis anemia Useful to learn medical terminology. Objectives. Enable you to understand the common medical terms

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Basic Medical Terminology 1

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  1. Basic Medical Terminology 1

  2. Introduction • Medical words are used daily • media • doctors, nurses • working life • Examples • arthritis • hepatitis • anemia • Useful to learn medical terminology

  3. Objectives • Enable you to understand the common medical terms • Allow you to explore and learn the vocabulary of the medical field • Equip you with knowledge useful for daily work in the health care setting

  4. Lecture Schedule • Lecture 1 • Introduction • Word Structure and Analysis • Suffixes • Lecture 2 • Prefixes • Enlarging your medical vocabulary

  5. Introduction to Medical Terminology

  6. Introduction • Most medical terms come from • Greek language • diagnosis, surgery • Latin languages • anatomical names • Many sound mysterious • but can be easily worked out

  7. Word Structure • All words have a word root • eg: trans/port ex/port • Compound words • words with 2 or more roots • eg: grand-father fire-fighter

  8. Word Structure • Vowel • often added to a root word • allows formation of a compound word • makes pronunciation easier • Combining form • word root + vowel • eg: therm/o/meter micr/o/scope

  9. Word Structure • Suffix • attached to root • eg: practition-er • Medical terms • like jigsaw puzzle • divided into several parts • Example • HEMATOLOGY • HEMAT /O/LOGY

  10. Suffix Root (“study of”) (“blood”) Word Analysis • 1st step • look at end of the word • suffix • 2nd step • look at beginning • root word • gives meaning of term • 3rd step • combining vowel • usually consists of vowel “o” HEMAT/O/LOGY Combining vowel

  11. Suffix Root Combining vowel (“study of”) (“blood”) Word Analysis HEMAT / O / LOGY • the study of blood

  12. Root Suffix Root Electr/o/cardi/o/gram • suffix • “gram” - a record • 1st root • “electr” - electricity • 2nd root • “cardi” - heart • combining vowel • “o” -connects roots with suffix

  13. Word Analysis Electrocardiogram • record of the electricity in the heart • combining form • combining vowel + root • eg: cardi/o • heart • eg: electr/o • electricity

  14. Root Suffix Root Gastr/o/enter/o/logy • Suffix • logy • 1st combining form • gastr/o • 2nd combining form • enter/o • study of the stomach and intestines

  15. Word Analysis • Gastr/o/scope • suffix scope • instrument to visually examine • combining form gastr/o • stomach • instrument to visually examine the stomach

  16. Word Analysis • Gastr/ic • suffix • adjective: pertaining to • combining vowel is dropped when suffix begins with a vowel • root • stomach • pertaining to stomach

  17. Word Analysis • Cardi/ac • suffix • adjective: pertaining to • combining vowel dropped • root • heart • pertaining to the heart

  18. Word Analysis • Enter/itis • suffix • inflammation • combing vowel dropped • root • intestines • inflammation of the intestines

  19. Suffixes

  20. Suffixes • attached to the end of root words to further its meaning • 2 groups • those that describe diagnoses • describe condition of patient • those that describe procedures

  21. Diagnostic Suffixes • -algia • pain • eg: neuralgia arthralgia • -itis • inflammation • eg: arthritis carditis

  22. Diagnostic Suffixes • -ia • a state or condition • eg: bradycardia pneumonia • -osis • abnormal condition • eg: neurosis

  23. Diagnostic Suffixes • -iasis • condition, formation of • presence of stone (lith-) • eg: nephrolithiasis • -genic • origin, producing • eg: neurogenic causes pathogenic bacteria

  24. Diagnostic Suffixes • -emia • condition involving blood • eg: anemia septicemia, bacteremia • -megaly • enlargement • eg: acromegaly hepatomegaly, cardiomegaly

  25. Diagnostic Suffixes • -oma • tumor, swelling • eg: breast adenoma • -oid • being like, resembling • eg: uterine fibroid • -lysis • break down, loosening • eg: hemolysis

  26. Procedural Suffixes • describe medical procedures • looking into body parts • types of surgical repair • removal of body part • examples • -ectomy • -otomy • -scopy

  27. Procedural Suffixes • -ectomy • excision of, removal of • may or may not remove entire organ • eg: tonsillectomy hepatectomy • -otomy • a surgical incision • eg: craniotomy, laparotomy

  28. Procedural Suffixes • -centesis • surgical puncture with a needle • eg: amniocentesis thoracocentesis • -scopy • insertion of an instrument to visualize • eg: gastroscopy, cystoscopy

  29. Procedural Suffixes • -plasty • surgical correction, plastic repair • eg: hip arthroplasty • -ostomy • operation to create opening (stoma) • eg: colostomy

  30. Other Suffixes • do not fit into either category • -logy • study of • eg: biology cardiology • -form • shape • eg: deformed

  31. Other Suffixes • -gram, -graph • a written record • eg: • electrocardiogram • polygraph machine • measures several parameters

  32. Other Suffixes • -graphy • process of recording • eg: photography

  33. Review • Root word • gives essential meaning of term • Suffix • word end • Combining vowel • connects root to suffix /other roots • Combining form • combination of root and combining vowel

  34. QUIZ TIME

  35. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. All words have a A. root B. vowel C. prefix

  36. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 2. The root in the medical term “tonsillitis” is A. itis B. sill C. tonsill 3. “Fasciotomy” is an example of a A. simple word B. compound word C. combining word

  37. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 4. When you analyze a medical term, begin at the A. beginning of the word B. middle of the word C. end of the word 5. Adding a vowel to a root results in a A. prefix B. combining form C. complex word

  38. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 6. Which of the following can be used to divide words into their word parts? A. / B. = C. … 7. Which of the following combinations do not need a combining vowel? A. dermat + itis B. micr + scopy C. dermat + logy

  39. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 8. Combining forms A. are always used to end a medical term B. are never connected to a suffix C. are never used to end a medical term 9. The word gastroduodenoscopy has A. 1 root B. 2 roots C. 3 roots

  40. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 10. In the word “ physiology”, the suffix is A. phy B. physio C. logy

  41. Divide each of the following words into their component parts Word Root wordCombining Vowel Suffix Cardiologist Biology Mammogram Bronchoscopy Arthritis Inguinal Pneumonia Oncologist Cardiologist Biology Mamm o gram Bronch o scopy Arthr - itis Inguin -al Pneumon - ia Onc ologist

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