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FERMA: An Efficient Geocasting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Target Regions

FERMA: An Efficient Geocasting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Target Regions. Young-Mi Song, Sung-Hee Lee and Young-Bae Ko Ajou University Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2005. Outline. Introduction Background and Motivation Proposed scheme: FERMA

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FERMA: An Efficient Geocasting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Target Regions

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  1. FERMA: An Efficient Geocasting Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Target Regions Young-Mi Song, Sung-Hee Lee and Young-Bae Ko Ajou University Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2005

  2. Outline • Introduction • Background and Motivation • Proposed scheme: FERMA • Performance Evaluation • Conclusion

  3. Introduction • In WSN, a query (interest) is used to have sensor nodes collect data and return these sensing data • Flooding mechanism • Increases network traffic and leads inefficient energy consumption • Geographical propagation • One single target region

  4. Introduction • Objective • Efficiently deliver interest messages to multiple target regions • Latency • Bandwidth consumption • Method • Send interest just once at the sink node • Suitable shared path • Multiple packet transmissions toward different target regions • Data aggregation • Fermat Point • Entrance nodes

  5. Background and Motivation • What is the point such that the sum of its distances from the vertices of a triangle is a minimum? • Fermat point

  6. Background and Motivation-Fermat point • Fermat Point is the point such that the sum of its distances from the vertices of a triangle is a minimum

  7. Background and Motivation-Fermat point • One of the internal angles of ΔABC is 120° or more • Fail to construct the Fermat Point • Fermat Point is drawn outside of the triangle

  8. Background and Motivation-Applying Fermat Point concept for SN geocasting

  9. Background and Motivation-Applying Fermat Point concept for SN geocasting

  10. Proposed scheme: FERMA 1.three geographical coordinates with Fermat point 2.two central points of the target regions

  11. Proposed scheme: FERMA Flooding Flooding

  12. Proposed scheme: FERMA

  13. Proposed scheme: FERMA • Data packet forwarding Phase • Gradient • All nodes record the previous hop which forwards that interest

  14. Proposed scheme: FERMA • Aggregation • Each target region • Fermat points • Latency of data delivery becomes longer

  15. Simulation • Metrics • Packet overhead • Energy consumption • Performance affected by the number of target regions • Comparisons • Pure greedy forwarding • Flooding

  16. Simulation- Environment • NS-2 • 100 nodes • 200m*200m • Sink is at (0,0) • Target region: 1 to 5 • Interest packet: 36 bytes • Data packet: 64 bytes

  17. Environment-Results Average Number of Interest Packets Average Number of Data Packets

  18. Environment-Results Average Consumed Energy (Joules/Node/Distrinct Query) Average Number of Total Packets

  19. Conclusion • Efficient interest forwarding in the environment of multiple target regions • Suitable shared path among multiple target regions • Theorem of Fermat Point • Two-level data aggregation scheme • Ongoing work • Avoid the obstacle

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