Content Area Achievement

1. Content Area Achievement ASD and LD in Diverse Classrooms Sue Courey, Ph.D. San Francisco State University

2. Discussion Question • How can teacher preparation programs prepare special education teacher candidates for the increased rigor and language component of the CCSS?

3. Todays Schools and Classrooms and The Common Core State Standards • More Students: Larger Classrooms • More Diversity • General Education • Special Education • English Language Learners

4. Educational Goals: All Students will be College and Career Ready Raise the Floor & Lift the Ceiling How can we accomplish these seemingly mutually exclusive goals in such diverse classrooms?

5. Educational Goals Raise the floor by expanding achievement for all & Lift the Ceiling of achievement to prepare future leaders Friesen (2008)

6. Common Core’s Impact on Instructional Goals SERP, 2012 • Educators in all states will be taking the opportunity to rethink what is currently emphasized. • The standards describe content AND practices. This means that sense-making and other disciplinary behaviors important in math will be recognized for their value. • The assessments of the future will include sense-making activities and require students to use mathematical habits of mind.

7. Common Core State Standards for Mathematics SERP, 2012 CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice The Standards for Mathematical Practice describe eight varieties of expertise that students should develop: 1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively. 3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. 4. Model with mathematics. 5. Use appropriate tools strategically. 6. Attend to precision. 7. Look for and make use of structure. 8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.

8. Common Core Assessment Items

9. Autism (High Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome) • No Child Left Behind • IQ ≥ 70 – 80 • 50 – 70% of children with an ASD IQ > 70 • Served in General Education Classroom

10. Academic Profile HFA/AS • Reading • Basic Reading and Decoding • Before Age 8 Reading = IQ • After Age 8 Reading < IQ • Comprehension • Abstract Concepts • Inferences • Attention Deficits • Critical Thinking • Problem Solving • Verbal Reasoning • ToM (Perspective of Others)

11. Academic Profile HFA/AS • Writing • Deficits in Written Expression and Graphomotor Skills • Motor Coordination • Deficits in Information Processing • Organization and Attention Deficit • 60% HFA/AS may present with Writing Learning Disability

12. Academic Profile HFA/AS • Mathematics • Many have average mathematical abilities • Deficits in Information Processing • Organization and Attention Deficit • 60% HFA/AS may present with Writing Learning Disability

13. Educational Interventions • Academic Profile: A starting point • If you know one child with autism, you know one child with autism (Simpson & Smith Myles, 2008) • Direct Observation • Error Analysis • Understand specific needs of each individual child

14. Powerful Instructional Frameworks Differentiated Instruction Self-Regulation Strategies Universal Design for Learning Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge

15. Universal Design

16. Powerful Instructional Frameworks Universal Design for Learning

17. Universal Design for Learning • Multiple Means of Representation • To increase knowledge – the “what” of learning • Multiple Means ofAction and Expression • To expand strategic abilities - the “how” of learning • Multiple Means of Engagement • To enhance involvement - the “why” of learning

18. Universal Design for Learning http://dynabook.sri.com/summer2012/login

19. Universal Design for Learning Iris at Peabody: http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/udl/chalcycle.htm

20. Strategy Instruction • Cognitive Strategies are good thinking skills • Systematic Thinking • One Operation to a Series of Operations • Executive Function • Memory • Comprehension • Rehearsal Strategies • Spontaneous Use • External Cognitive and Meta-cognitive • Tailored to the individual

21. Strategy Instruction

22. Reading Strategies for LD • Comprehension Monitoring • Graphic Organizers • Active Listening • Mental Imagery • Mnemonic Instruction • Activate Prior Knowledge • Questions Generating and Answering • Text Structure • Summarization • Multiple Strategies

23. Reading Comprehension • CSR: Collaborative Strategic Reading

24. Anaphoric Expressions • In January, the “Burj” skyscraper opened its doors in Dubai, a city in the Middle East. The tower is 2,717 feet high, and is the world’s tallest building. People are already planning trips to see the edifice. 

25. Reading Strategy Instruction

26. Foundations for Successful Instruction • Ten Guiding Principles, Programming for Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders http://autismspectrum.illinoisstate.edu/videos/10guiding/index.shtml

27. IRIS STAR LEGACY MODULE http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/csr/challenge.htm

28. Writing Strategy Instruction • Self Regulated Strategy Development • Goal Oriented • Resourceful • Reflective • All Stages of the Writing Process • Planning • Writing • Revising • Editing • Monitoring

29. Writing Strategy Instruction http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/pow/pow_05.html

30. Mathematics Strategy Instruction

31. Mathematics Strategy Instruction

32. Powerful Instructional Frameworks Differentiated Instruction

33. Differentiated Instruction Iris at Peabody: http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/di/chalcycle.htm

34. Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK)

35. Shared Whiteboard Dabbleboard: http://www.dabbleboard.com/

36. Cell Phones A Problem? Poll Everywhere: http://www.polleverywhere.com/features