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The Carbon Cycle in the Tropics

The Carbon Cycle in the Tropics. John Grace School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, The Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK. Dunkeld, November 23 rd 2010. What is the carbon cycle?. 8.6 in 2008. Global Carbon Project 2009. Disturbance of the Cycle.

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The Carbon Cycle in the Tropics

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  1. The Carbon Cycle in the Tropics John Grace School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, The Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, UK Dunkeld, November 23rd 2010

  2. What is the carbon cycle?

  3. 8.6 in 2008 Global Carbon Project 2009

  4. Disturbance of the Cycle

  5. Fossil Fuel CO2 Emissions 2009: Emissions:8.4±0.5 PgC Growth rate: -1.3% 1990 level: +37% 2000-2008 Growth rate: +3.2% 2010 (projected): Growth rate: >3% CO2 emissions (Pg C y-1) CO2 emissions (Pg CO2 y-1) Friedlingstein et al. 2010, Nature Geoscience; Gregg Marland, Thomas Boden-CDIAC 2010

  6. 8-9 Gt carbon per year 0.9 Gt carbon per year Fossil fuel emissions Tropical deforestation biodiversity water Indigenous people Pharmaceutical products

  7. The Undisturbed Forest may be: • Stock of Carbon • Sink of Carbon

  8. Houghton et al (2001) Global Change Biology Uncertainty in the storage of carbon in forest biomass

  9. Grace et al (1995) Science 270, 778-80 Many rain forests are not only ‘stocks’ of carbon, but also remove carbon from the atmosphere at significant rates

  10. Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia All three sites appeared to be C- sinks Andreae et al (2002) J Geophys Res. 107 Evidence for a forest sink: eddy covariance, biomass inventory, flask analysis

  11. Lateral flows to the river, and then what? Grace & Malhi (2002) Nature

  12. Phillips et al (1998) Science 282, 439.

  13. 2009 Update, from large inventory • Recent paper by phillips et al

  14. Units: gC/m2/year Roedenbeck et al 2003 Non-industrial ‘Sinks’ and ‘sources’ of carbon dioxide- 20 years of data

  15. Fuxnet, to measure CO2 fluxes 466 flux towers Models + Land cover, Atmospheric concs Land sink

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