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CHAPTER 3

MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Third Edition, 2008 Prof. M. Easterby-Smith, Prof. R. Thorpe, Prof. Paul R. Jackson. CHAPTER 3. Doing a Literature Review. Learning Objectives. To appreciate what a literature review in management research might entail and why it is important.

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CHAPTER 3

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  1. MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Third Edition, 2008 Prof. M. Easterby-Smith, Prof. R. Thorpe, Prof. Paul R. Jackson CHAPTER 3 Doing a Literature Review

  2. Learning Objectives • To appreciate what a literature review in management research might entail and why it is important. • To understand and evaluate different approaches to reviewing literature and different sources of information. • To know how to conduct and write literature reviews. • To be aware of Plagiarism and its Consequences.

  3. What is a Literature Review? • A good literature review shows knowledge and is a critical examination of existing literature of a certain field. • A good literature review is not a description of previous work, but provides a novel and original synthesis. • A good literature review leads to new ways of looking at a topic and identifies gaps in the literature.

  4. The Contents of a Literature Review • What is already known about the topic? • What needs to be said critically about what is already known? • Has anyone else ever done anything similar to what is proposed? • Has anyone else done anything that is related? • Where does your work fit with what has gone before? • Why is your research worth doing in the light of what has already been done? (Source: Silverman 2000:227)

  5. Potential Sources for a Literature Review • Books • Journals • Theses, Conference Papers & Working Papers (Research in Progress) • Reference Works • Other Information: market data, company accounts, government information, official statistics • Websites

  6. Organizing Material andBeing Systematic • Organizing and recording your sources will enable you to accumulate all the references you use throughout your research • Organizing and logging your sources will help you locate difficult quotations (and prevents accusations of plagiarism)

  7. Five Phases of a Literature Review • Phase 1: Planning the review • Forming a review panel • Mapping the field of study • Producing a review protocol • Phase 2: Identifying & Evaluating Studies • Conducting a systematic search • Evaluating studies (Adapted from Tranfield et al.,2004)

  8. Five Phases of a Literature Review(cont.) • Phase 3: Extracting & Synthesising data • Conducting data extraction • Conducting data synthesis • Phase 4: Reporting • Reporting the findings • Phase 5: Utilising the Findings • Informing research • Informing practice • Contribute to building theory (Adapted from Tranfield et al.,2004)

  9. Why is it Important toDo a Literature Review? • It provides a context & legitimacy for your research questions • It helps you to think about your topic & gives alternative perspectives at different stages of the research • It helps define the methodology • It makes the contribution of your research explicit

  10. Plagiarism Plagiarism involves presenting the work and ideas of other people and passing them off as your own, without acknowledging the original source of the ideas used.

  11. Examples of Plagiarism 1. Stealing material from another source and passing it off as your own. 2. Submitting a paper written by someone else (e.g. a peer or relative) & passing it off as your own. 3. Copying sections of material from one or more source texts, supplying proper documentation (including the full reference) but leaving out quotation marks, giving the impression that the material has been paraphrased rather than directly quoted. 4. Paraphrasing material from one or more source without supplying appropriate documentation.

  12. Further Reading • Tranfield, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003) Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207-22. • Gash, S. (2000) Effective Literature Searching for Research. Aldershot: Gower.

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