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8 th Grade Earth Science

8 th Grade Earth Science. Name Date. The Earth is Made of 5 Physical Parts. Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere Outer Core Inner Core. Lithosphere. The cool, outermost layer of the earth. The Lithosphere consists of: Crust Rigid, uppermost part of the mantle.

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8 th Grade Earth Science

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  1. 8th Grade Earth Science Name Date

  2. The Earth is Made of 5 Physical Parts • Lithosphere • Asthenosphere • Mesosphere • Outer Core • Inner Core

  3. Lithosphere • The cool, outermost layer of the earth. • The Lithosphere consists of: • Crust • Rigid, uppermost part of the mantle. • The Lithosphere is divided into 2 huge pieces called Tectonic Plates.

  4. Asthenosphere • The solid, soft layer of the mantle below the lithosphere. • The Asthenosphere is made up of mantle rock that flows very slowly, allowing the tectonic plates to move on top of it.

  5. Mesosphere • Middle Sphere • The Mesosphere is the solid lower part of the mantle below the asthenoshpere.

  6. Outer & Inner Core • Outer Core • The outer shell of the Earth’s core • It is made of liquid iron and nickel. • Inner Core • A sphere of solid iron and nickel.

  7. Plate Tectonics • Plate Tectonics is the theory that the lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the Asthenosphere. • There are 3 types of Tectonic Plate Boundaries: • Convergent • Divergent • Transform

  8. Convergent Boundary • The boundary that is created when two tectonic plates collide. • There are 3 types of Convergent Boundaries: • Continental/Continental • Continental/Oceanic • Oceanic/Oceanic

  9. Continental/Continental • When two tectonic plates with continental crust collide, they buckle and thicken, pushing the continental crust upward.

  10. Continental/Oceanic • When a tectonic plate with continental crust crashes into a tectonic plate with oceanic crust, the oceanic plate slides under the continental plate. • The region where oceanic lithosphere sinks into Asthenosphere is called a subduction zone.

  11. Oceanic/Oceanic • When two oceanic plates collide, one of the oceanic plates is subducted, or sinks, under the other.

  12. Divergent Boundary • The boundary that is created when two tectonic plates separate. • Also called rift zones. • As the two tectonic plates move apart, magma rises to fill the gap. • At a mid-ocean ridge, the rising magma cools to form new oceanic lithosphere.

  13. Transform Boundary • The boundary that is created when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. • As the two tectonic plates slide past one another, they are not smooth, they grind and jerk as they slide, producing earthquakes.

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