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Social Protection for Africa: The World Bank’s Approach

Social Protection for Africa: The World Bank’s Approach. by Maurizia Tovo, Lead Social Protection Specialist. Development of Social Protection at the World Bank. Early 1990s - Structural adjustment programs accompanied by increased SP activity

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Social Protection for Africa: The World Bank’s Approach

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  1. Social Protection for Africa: The World Bank’s Approach by Maurizia Tovo, Lead Social Protection Specialist

  2. Development of Social Protection at the World Bank • Early 1990s - Structural adjustment programs accompanied by increased SP activity • Late 1990s – Need for reform in unsustainable welfare states in Eastern Europe, financial market crises prompt new SP focus • 2000– WB Social Protection and Labor Sector Strategy • 2001 - AFRICA SP strategy “Dynamic risk management and the poor” from coping to reducing causes and consequences of risk

  3. Social Protection in Africa • 2001: “Dynamic risk management and the poor” from coping to reducing causes and consequences of risk • Capacity building assist development of national SP strategies: started in 2002 with 20 countries, finished in 2005 with 11

  4. SP Principles for SSA • Focus on the most compelling risks, and the most vulnerable groups (PRIORITIZE!) • Build upon existing successful informal risk management strategies of poor households • Combine different types of instruments • Build partnerships in finance and delivery

  5. Operationalizing SP • Risk-reducing public investment • Eg, spending on health, education, water&sanitation, rural infrastructure • Community-driven development • Targeted social safety nets • Direct transfer of resources, or subsidies, for the most vulnerable • Labor markets and job creation • Focus on youth employment, the informal sector, and skills training

  6. Supporting SP Analytical work • Risk and vulnerability assessments (RVA) • Topic-specific studies (youth labor markets, insurance schemes…) Capacity building • Assist development of national SP strategies: started in 2002 with 20 countries, finished in 2005 with 11

  7. Where the money goes

  8. Trends • Shift focus from crisis response to institutionalized SP mechanisms • Expand the SP agenda to include orphans and vulnerable children, people with disabilities, unemployed youth, and refugees and IDPs • Promote a multi-sectoral approach to SP • Dedicate more resources to evaluating the effectiveness of decentralized social protection schemes (specifically, conditional cash transfers and micro-insurance)

  9. Food Price Crisis: Priorities for Response • SP: Ensure food security through targeted safety nets • AGR: Stimulate short- and medium-term food production • MACRO: Reduce tariffs/taxes on imports, and lifting bans on exports Global Food Crisis Response Facility $1.2 billion, including $200 M of grants for especially vulnerable countries

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