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Educational Model of Control System for Robot Arm

SYS 5100 - Modern Control Engineering - Winter 2007. Educational Model of Control System for Robot Arm. Team Members : Irena Karasik Sylvain Ganter Olivier Paultre Jeong Ja Kong

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Educational Model of Control System for Robot Arm

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  1. SYS 5100 - Modern Control Engineering - Winter 2007 Educational Model of Control System for Robot Arm Team Members : Irena Karasik Sylvain Ganter Olivier Paultre Jeong Ja Kong TA : Wei Yang Professor : Riadh Habash - April 4th, 2007 -

  2. References [1] Kok Kiong Tan and Han Leong Goh, “Development of a Mobile Spreadsheet-Based PID Control Simulation System”, IEEE Transaction on Education, PP. 199-207, may 2006 [2] Guoguang Zhang and Junji Furusho, “Control of Robot Arms using Joint Torque Sensors”, IEEE Control Systems, pp.48-55, 1998 [3] Gloria Suh, Dae Sung Hyun, Jung Il Park, Ki Dong Lee, Suk Gyu Lee, “Design of a Pole Placement Controller for Reducing Oscillation and Settling Time in a Two-Inertia Motor System”, IECON’01:The 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp.615-620, 2001 [4] Estico Rijanto, Antonio Moran and Minoru Hayase, “Experimental Positioning Control of Flexible Arm Using Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Controller”, p127 [5] Miomir K. Vukobratovic, Aleksandar D. Rodic, “Control of Manipulation Robots Interacting with Dynamic Environment: Implementation and Experiments”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol.42, No.4, August 1995 [6] Textbook : “Modern Control Theory”

  3. References [1] Development of a Mobile Spreadsheet-Based PID Control Simulation System - To control the Temperature of Thermal Chamber - Mobile PID Tuning Preparatory Exercise - Mobile Spreadsheet Simulator

  4. References [2] Control of Robot Arms using Joint Torque Sensors - Two-Inertia System Modeling - With Joint Torque Feedback - Dealt with Pole Assignment & Effect of Disturbance - ½ Bandwidth of resonance frequency (PD Controller) - Identical Damping Coefficients ( 1 = 2 ) - A wider bandwidth and better disturbance rejection over conventional PD control

  5. References [3] Design of a Pole Placement Controller for Reducing Oscillation and Settling Time in a Two-Inertia Motor System - Identical Real Part  settling time - Comparison among 3 controller I-P, I-PD, State Feedback control - Conventional ITAE & Weighted ITAE - Full state feedback control is the best  in terms of oscillation & settling time

  6. References [4] Experimental Positioning Control of Flexible Arm Using Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Controller Two Methods: * 2) is better 1) Feedback Control (frequency domain)  Based on Model matching method using the inverse dynamics of the arm system 2) Feed-forward Control (time domain) Using the inverse dynamics of the non-minimum phase system of the arm

  7. References [5] Control of Manipulation Robots Interacting with Dynamic Environment: Implementation and Experiments

  8. Our Goals • To design a control system for Robot Arm, • To practice the control theories acquired in class, • To provide an educational model of control theories with Robot Arm model, • To help the students understand the control system theory and increase their interest in the subject matter.

  9. Team & Roles Start Topic Selection • Irena Karasik (Model Analysis) • Sylvain Ganter (Controller Design) • Olivier Paultre (SIMULINK) • Jeong Ja Kong (Controller Design, Leader) Role Assignment References Search Weekly Meeting Plant Modeling Controllers Design MATLAB Simulation Educational Model End

  10. Steps Step3 Step1 Actuator + Process (Robot Arm) Step2 Input (Reference) Output (Arm Dynamics) Controller GUI (Controller Gain Adjust) Step3  Step1 : Analysis of system characteristic (From the Dynamics of Robot Arm) Step2 : Controller Design (P, PI, PD, PID, Phase-Lead or -Lag Compensator) Step3 : Simulation (MATLAB)&User Interface Design (SIMULINK) Step4 : Evaluation of the performance of the Controlled system

  11. 250 . s(s+2)(s+40)(s+45) G (s) = Dynamic Model of Robot Arm

  12. Characteristics of Plant Model • State-space Model | -87 -1970 -3600 0 | | 1 | | | | | A = | 1 0 0 0 | B = | 0 | | | | | | 0 1 0 0 | | 0 | | | | | | 0 0 1 0 | | 0 | C = | 0 0 0 250 | D = | 0 |

  13. Location of Poles & Zeros Characteristics of Plant Model

  14. Characteristics of Plant Model • Steady state error (Type ) Step Input : ess= 0 Ramp Input : With unit ramp input, Kv = lim sG(s) = .0694 ess = A/Kv =14.4 Parabolic Input : ess = 

  15. Characteristics of Plant Model • Controllability & Observability det [Pc] = 3.9  10 9  Process is controllable det [Po] = 1  Process is observable

  16. Characteristics of Plant Model • Time Response & Frequency Response Ts =  P.O =  Phase Margin = 87.8º

  17. Settling Time, Ts  1.2 sec Maximum Overshoot, P.O  20% Phase Margin, PM  45° Design Criteria

  18. Controller Design • Unity Feedback Control Ts = 80 sec P.O = 0 % PM = -180°

  19. Controller Design • P Control Settling time is several times greater than the desired value Ts = 4.26 sec P.O = 20 % PM = 79.7 °

  20. Controller Design • PI Control Settling time is still too large Ts = 4.25 sec P.O = 20 % PM = 77.3 °

  21. Controller Design • PD Control Settling time is better, but still does not meet our criteria Ts = 1.43 sec P.O = 20 % PM = 96.7 °

  22. Controller Design • PID Control Settling time is better, but still does not meet our criteria Ts = 1.75 sec P.O = 20 % PM = 69.1 °

  23. Controller Design • Phase Lead Compensator Ts = .84 sec P.O = 20 % PM = 45 ° meets our design criteria

  24. Controller Design • Phase Lead Compensator (Continued) Open loop (Loop Transfer function) Closed-loop

  25. Educational GUI Design

  26. Open-Loop Response

  27. Closed-Loop Response Input Selection Controller Selection Output Scope Root-Locus Drawing Scope Selection Controllability & Observability Check Comparison Between Controllers Pole-zero & Others Bode Plot

  28. Closed-Loop Response

  29. System Analysis(Pole-zero Map, Root-locus, Bode Plot )

  30. Controller Selection & Parameter Change

  31. Comparison Between 2 Controllers

  32. System Output Analysis

  33. Conclusion • It is not possible to meet the design criteria with P, PI, PD, & PID Controller of this Arm Model Controller Gain Change  Effects on Both (Time, Overshoot)! The Best Controller for this model is Phase-Lead Compensator. Student can learn the Control theory easily: Parameter Change  See the effect ! 2 Different Controllers  Compare the effect !

  34. Challenge • To Model the Robot-Arm System • To find out moreinteracting educational Model • To provide more Visual Learning • To add more controllers

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