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Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Cell Cycle and Mitosis. Cell Cycle. Cell cycle is the life cycle Cycle because it continues until the cell dies, when it reaches the end, it starts over. Most of the cycle is for growth. Cell Cycle. G 0 Phase. Resting phase Cell can remain here for years

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Cell Cycle and Mitosis

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  1. Cell Cycle and Mitosis

  2. Cell Cycle • Cell cycle is the life cycle • Cycle because it continues until the cell dies, when it reaches the end, it starts over. • Most of the cycle is for growth

  3. Cell Cycle

  4. G0 Phase • Resting phase • Cell can remain here for years • Liver cells and brain cells are in this phase most of the time

  5. Interphase • Growth phase between new cells being created • Made of G1, S, G2 phase

  6. G1 phase • G is for growth • Cell uses this time to grow • Increase in CYTOPLASM

  7. S Phase • S is for Synthesis • DNA is COPIED in this phase • It is preparing for mitosis

  8. G2 Phase • G is for GROWTH…..AGAIN • Increases in cell membrane • Last phase before MITOSIS or CELL REPRODUCTION

  9. Mitosis

  10. Mitosis • Cell reproduction • One “Parent” cell splits into two “Daughter” Cells • The daughter cells are identical to the parent cell • People Make Angry Toddlers Cry

  11. Prophase • Chromatin condenses into CHROMOSOMES • Chromosomes made of two identical sister chromatids (copied during S phase), which are held together by CENTROMERE • Nuclear membrane breaks down • Centrioles move to sides of cells and make spindles

  12. Metaphase • Prometaphase: Spindles being created • Spindles attach to centromeres, one for each sister chromatid • Chromosomes align on metaphase plate

  13. Anaphase • Chromosomes are pulled apart and to one or the other side of the cell • Separating the SISTER CHROMOTID • Centromeres split

  14. Telophase • Nuclear membrane rebuilds • Chromosomes relax to Chromatin form • Spindles break down

  15. Cytokinesis • Division of cytoplasm • Animal: Cleavage furrow forms • Plant: cell wall grows between new cells

  16. Mitosis

  17. Mitosis

  18. Mitosis

  19. Cancer • Cell cycle is broken • Proteins and enzymes which control cycle are broken or absent • Due to mutation • Mutation caused by: • Genetics • Environmental/Diet • Pollution/Radiation

  20. Cancer • Cancer: • Cell just keeps growing • Cell just keeps multiplying • Cell won’t die • Communicates to other cells to keep growing or dividing

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