NATIONAL FOREST CENTRE ZVOLEN SLOVAKIA

1. Gender mainstreaming strategy for employment in mountain rural areas in Slovakia Ing. Viera Petrášová, CSc. NATIONAL FOREST CENTRE ZVOLEN SLOVAKIA

2. Area: 49 036 km2 • Population: 5367 800 inhabitants • Density of population: 109 inhabitants/km2 • Bratislava (460 000)-capital city • 8 regions: Bratislava, Trnava, Nitra,Trenčín, Žilina, Banská Bystrica, Prešov, Košice

4. Data of our project • Project beginning January 2005 • Project end December 2007

5. Project budget 173 000 € Project partners: • Office for Labour, Social Affairs and Family Zvolen • Office for Labour, Social Affairs and Family Banská Štiavnica

6. Idea of benefits of our project: • Increase the level of transparency and support for creating competitive entrepreneurial environment • At local level there are women with higher education • Effects of the tools of active police of labour market

7. Definition of problems in rural mountains area: • Moving of young people for work abroad • Traditional gender segregation at labour market • Mostly people with elementary education stay to live and work in villages • Regional disparity

8. What opportunities we have: • Reducing taxes and transfer payments • Elimination of legislative and administrative barriers • Development of the system of regional support to enterprising, consultancy, marketing, information

9. Risks: • Structural changes of labour market • Budgetary restrictions of the government • Absence of regional policy • Discordance between employment policy and labour market policy

10. Main objective of the project: Elaborate gender mainstreaming strategy for the employers in agrarian enterprises in mountain rural areas of Slovakia

11. Specific objectives: • Increase gender sensitization during policy drafting by the actors of agrarian policy • Strengthen gender strategy in patriarchal enterprises in agrarian sector that are characteristic forstructure imbalance of genders in the processes of management and decision-making • Influence employers in agrarian sector through dissemination and exchange of knowledge on the role of gender strategy in rural areas in other countries

12. Target groups • Women employers and men employers • Women employees and men employees • Women entrepreneurs and men entrepreneurs

13. Activities of the project: • Database creation • Elaboration of gender mainstreaming strategy • Dissemination of knowledge • Transnational cooperation and exchange of experience

14. Database creation: • Creation of database for respective areas of equal opportunities for women and men in agrarian enterprises in rural areas of Slovakia will be done on the basis of following: • development of tools for the audit of enterprise/employers´s policy of equal opportunities for women and men

15. Database creation: • analyze regularly current practices in investigated enterprises from gender aspect • obtaining gender-differentiated data on equality of women and men in labour market under the conditions of rural areas of Slovakia

16. 2.Elaboration of gender mainstreaming strategy will be done: • on the basis of gradual processing of data from the database being created, • through preparing synthetic data from the first activity, and • exchange of experience

17. Elaboration of gender mainstreaming strategy Important areas for working out gender mainstreaming strategy: • Access to and participation in labour market on all levels; • Education and training, first of all, what concerns knowledge and qualification for respective profession; • Establishment and development of enterprises; • Harmonization of working life and family life; • Balanced participation in decision making

18. 3. Dissemination of knowledge will be performed trough: • publishing professional articles in national and international scientific and technical journals • publishing papers of the project's participants in technical and popular journals • organizing 2 national workshops

19. 4.Transnational cooperation and exchange of experience • Exchange of experience and knowledge on solving the mentioned issues on transnational level • Obtaining information on innovative methods of solution of the mentioned issues

20. Indicator Measure unit 1990 2000 2004 2005 Gross domestic product Bill. SKK Bill. € 278,5 - 1 196 29,97 1 325 33,21 1 440 43,6 Of that forestry Bill. SKK % 2,7 0,97 5,6 0,47 7,1 0,54 8,4 0,58 Employees Ths. persons 2 459 2 164 2 170 2 216 Of that forestry Ths. persons % 36 1,47 18 0,83 14 0,65 13 0,62 Average monthly salary SKK € 3 278 - 14 365 360,0 15 825 396,6 17 274 494 Of that forestry SKK € % 3 419 - 104,3 12 712 318,6 88,5 14 309 358,6 90,4 15 543 444 88,7 These are primary data of economy in Slovakia

21. 2005 This is scan of land and surface in Slovakia

22. Staff rations in agricultural organisations in 2005 Prepared by: RIAFE

23. Indicator unit 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 Agriculture (as of 31 December) of which unemployeed Number of persons 44 248 41 140 38 444 39 483 28 600 Share in the total number of registered unemployed identified by sector % 13,2 11,1 11 12,2 6,7 Development of agrarian unemployment in Slovakia Source: www.nup.sk Prepared by: RIAFE

25. Development business subjects in agriculture Another 10 000 are in business subjects offered services

26. Situation of agriculture: • The area of cultivated land – almost 80% • 20% of population live in such areas • 7% work in agriculture or forestry • Important local differences

27. We can state that: • The area of unused agriculture land has been falling in favour of forest land • The number of people move from urban areas

28. Situation of the Slovak Republic: • Rural areas – 59,5% of the territory • Agricultural land – 62,8% rural areas • Forest land – 55,9 rural areas • Agricultural lands cover almost 40% of the area of Slovakia • By OECD indicators – 79% territory with rural character

29. Current situation in rural areas of Slovakia • Transformation of national economy • Construction of big industrial centres, farmer´s cooperatives without strong diversification of activities • 10% of total proportion of unemployeed population had work in agrarian sector

30. The reasons are following: • Low mobility of rural population due to growing age • Low qualification level • Low adaptability of entrepreneurial activities in rural areas • Regional differences

31. Other reasons • lack of industrial infrastructure • High unemployment rate and low incomes – do not enable daily mobility after work • - small enterprises in rural areas of Slovakia – without partnership

32. The drop of the number of employees in forestry is proportional to the drop in performance in silvicilture and forest protection • 100 000 licence holders in logging who work in forest • More than 7 000 enterprises

33. Our proposals are: • Quality Legislative social measures • Development tourism • Utilization of projects

34. Total numberof the persons working in the farms: 252 031 persons; Of which women: 104 701 (41,5 %)

35. Total number of permanent employees on the farms of legal persons: 72 650 persons; Of which women: 21 708 (29,9 %)

36. Total number of empoyees of labour force on the farms : 6 550 persons; Of which women: 1 193 (18,2 %)

37. Total number of heads of farms : 375 persons; Of which women: 170 (45,3 %)

38. Thank you very much for your attention.