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EOH3202 Occupational Health 2 nd meeting for Sem II 2014/2015

EOH3202 Occupational Health 2 nd meeting for Sem II 2014/2015. Dr. Emilia Zainal Abidin, PhD emiliazainal@gmail.com or za_emilia@upm.edu.my (response time < 24 hours) Office: 03 8947 2643 11 April 2015 PJJ Bac Sc. Human Resource Dev 2 nd Semester 2 nd Meeting.

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EOH3202 Occupational Health 2 nd meeting for Sem II 2014/2015

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  1. EOH3202 Occupational Health2nd meeting for Sem II 2014/2015 Dr. Emilia Zainal Abidin, PhD emiliazainal@gmail.com or za_emilia@upm.edu.my (response time < 24 hours) Office: 03 8947 2643 11 April 2015 PJJ Bac Sc. Human Resource Dev2nd Semester 2nd Meeting

  2. What do you think of these photos? • From the picture given, identify whether the control is adequate or not • Identify the missing control in relation with the observed hazard • Give suggestion on what control supposed to be there by considering the hazard prevention methodology

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  11. Were there any problems we need to discuss today? • Module – everyone has a copy? • Assignments OK so far? • Yet to receive 17 assignments…. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  12. Questions on Individual Assignment A? • Describe the 4 objectives of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 Malaysia. • Compare and describe the differences between the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 and the Factory and Machinery Act 1967. • What are the steps that can be taken for the prevention and protection of heat stress among workers working in the construction industry? • What are the main functions of Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Malaysia? • Explain the noise regulation being used in Malaysia. Using the hierarchy of control, explain how noise is controlled at the workplace. Emilia ZainalAbidin

  13. Assignment A cont. • Please describe the steps to control dust exposure in a construction site. • Please explain the roles of professionals in the field of occupational health. • Define the term ergonomic, physical, biological, chemical and psychosocial hazard. Give examples for each of the hazard. • Define radiation. Discuss two types of radiation by giving appropriate examples. • What are the four basic steps in identifying hazards? • Discuss how Malaysian migrant workers are compensated for occupational injuries or accidents. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  14. Assignment A cont. • Explain 3 major incidents which occurred globally and in Malaysia that lead to the establishment of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994. • Identify a minimum of 7 regulations under the Factory and Machinery Act 1967. • What are the health effects of the exposure to solvents? • List the occupations or tasks related to lead exposure. Explain the route of exposure to lead and explain the regulation related to lead exposure in Malaysia. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  15. Questions on Individual Assignment B? • Identify the impact of sickness absence to the employee and employer. • Explain the mechanism by which organophosphate poisoning occurs. Include 2 diagrams to describe normal muscle function and muscle function with neurotoxic agent. • Pesticides are categorised into different groups. Explain the classification of pesticides. Give the steps in control and management of pesticide exposure in a paddy farming agricultural setting. • What are the responsibilities of the Safety and Health Officer as gazetted in the Occupational Safety And Health act 1994? • Use and Standard of Exposure to Chemicals Hazardous to Health Regulations 2000 requires workers being exposed to pesticides to undergo medical surveillance at regular intervals. True/False Emilia Zainal Abidin

  16. Assignment B cont. • Using the hierarchy of control concept, explain how a safety and health manager could manage psychosocial hazard related at the workplace. • Why personal protective equipment is considered as a “last resort” for use in the hierarchy of control to protect workers from hazardous substances? • Define occupational stress and list common occupational stressors. List the diseases associated with occupational stress and as a manager of human resource, please describe the management of occupational stress. • Describe the group of workers at risk for biological hazard exposure. Elaborate on the classification of infective microorganism by risk group. • Define and describe Material Safety Data Sheet or Chemical Safety Data Sheet. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  17. Assignment B cont. • Describe the different work compensation scheme available in Malaysia for private employees, civil servants and foreign workers. • Define biological monitoring. Describe the role of biological monitoring and describe how biological monitoring is done. • Please define what sexual harassment is and please describe the different forms of sexual harassment that might occur at the workplace. • What should be included in Medical Emergency Response Plan? What are the elements of Emergency Response Plan? • What is the required number of first aider in a workplace? What is the content of a First Aid Box? Emilia Zainal Abidin

  18. Your Recent Mid-Semester Examination • Chapter 1 to 11 from module • 2.30 hours examination • 40 objectives • 5 out of 7 short answer questions • How well did you do? • Comments or feedback to improve the type of questions • a._____________________________________________ • b._____________________________________________ • c._____________________________________________ Emilia Zainal Abidin

  19. Our Coming Final Exam in May 2015 • Chapter 12 to 22 • 2.00 hours? • 50 objectives? • 5/8 short answer questions? • Any requests? Emilia Zainal Abidin

  20. Responsibility to protect the safety health and welfare of workers and visitors • Duties of an Employer – OSH Act, Act 514, 1994 Section 15 – 19 • To ensure the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees and visitors. • To formulate safety and health policy. Extra protection for the disabled etc. • There are seven regulations under OSHA 1994 that enforced by DOSH. • Employers’ Safety and Health General Policy Statements (Exception) Regulations, 1995 • Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards Regulations, 1996 • CLASS Regulation 2014 • Safety and Health Committee Regulations, 1996 • Safety and Health Officer Regulations, 1997 • Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health Regulations, 2000 • Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence, Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease Regulations, 2004 Emilia Zainal Abidin

  21. Duties of Safety and Health Officer as to the SHO Regulations 1997 • to advise employer on the safety and health measures; • to inspect and determine the safety of work place; • to investigate any accident which has happened in the work place; • to assist employer in organizing and implementing OSH programme; • to become secretary to the OSH committee; • to assist the committee in any inspection of the work place; • to collect, analyze and maintain statistics on any accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning and disease which have occurred at the work place; • to assist any officer in carrying out his duty under the Act; • to carry out other instruction made by the employer on any matters pertaining to OSH. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  22. Human Nature…. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  23. We need to prevent this… Emilia Zainal Abidin

  24. What is the problem? Emilia Zainal Abidin

  25. GAS WELDING - OXYACETYLENE Emilia Zainal Abidin

  26. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS PSYCHOLOGICAL Stress, boredom, burnout CHEMICAL AGENTS Solvents, gases, vapors, fumes, mists, pesticides etc. PHYSICAL AGENTS noise, vibration, radiation, defective illumination, temperature extremes, dusts BIOLOGICAL AGENTS viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, insects, etc. LACK OF ERGONOMIC PRINCIPLES exhaustive physical exertions, excessive standing, improper motions, lifting heavy load, job monotony, etc.

  27. Fundamental point! - Occupational health is about identifying hazards and controlling it Emilia Zainal Abidin

  28. Identify the hazard and suggest control methods… Emilia Zainal Abidin

  29. Identify the hazard and suggest control methods… Emilia Zainal Abidin

  30. Identify the hazard and suggest control methods… Emilia Zainal Abidin

  31. Identify the hazard and suggest control methods… Emilia Zainal Abidin

  32. Read Al-Qasas-The Stories? • And when he came to the well of Madyan, he found there a crowd of people watering [their flocks], and he found aside from them two women driving back [their flocks]. He said, "What is your circumstance?" They said, "We do not water until the shepherds dispatch [their flocks]; and our father is an old man.” (28:23) • Then one of the two women came to him walking with shyness. She said, "Indeed, my father invites you that he may reward you for having watered for us." So when he came to him and related to him the story, he said, "Fear not. You have escaped from the wrongdoing people.” (28:25) • “Said one of the (damsels): “O my (dear) father! Engage him on wages: truly the best of men for thee to employ is the (man) who is strong and trust worthy.” (28:26) • He said, "Indeed, I wish to wed you one of these, my two daughters, on [the condition] that you serve me for eight years; but if you complete ten, it will be [as a favor] from you. And I do not wish to put you in difficulty. You will find me, if Allah wills, from among the righteous.” (28:27) • [Moses] said, "That is [established] between me and you. Whichever of the two terms I complete - there is no injustice to me, and Allah , over what we say, is Witness.” (28:28) Emilia Zainal Abidin

  33. What to focus on? • Chapter 12: Chemical hazards – Pesticides • Based on chapter in module • Classification of pesticides – use?, toxicity, chemical prop., • Occupational exposures of pesticides • Toxic effects from exposure • Neurotoxic effect – acetyl cholinesterase function diagram ?? • How to control and manage pesticide use in the workplace Emilia Zainal Abidin

  34. Agricultural workers Farmers • Handling pesticide with bare hands • Wear short pants and short sleeves without proper PPE

  35. Apply most of the protection but without proper mask • No boots and poor work practices

  36. Exposure to Organophosphate pesticide • May result in: • build-up of acetylcholine • cholinesterase inhibition • constant firing of electrical messages • potential symptoms of: DUMBELSS • -Diarrhoea • -Urination • -Miosis/Muscle weekness • -Excitation of skeleton muscles of CNS • -Lacrimation • -Sweating • -Salivation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5zFgT4aofA Emilia Zainal Abidin

  37. What to focus on? • Chapter 13: Bio hazard management • Based on lecture notes • What is biohazard? - A substance derived from an organism, that possess a threat to (primarily) human health. • Divided into: • Body fluids pathogen – Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, Parasites • Animal – insects, birds • Recombinant DNA – genetic engineering, cloning • Nano-technology • Classification of infective microorganism by risk group? • References are made to the relative hazards of infective microorganisms by World Health Organization Risk Groups 1, 2, 3 & 4. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  38. Emilia Zainal Abidin

  39. Ebola – Group 4 Emilia Zainal Abidin

  40. What to focus on? • Chapter 14: Occupational Psychosocial Hazards • Based on chapter in module and lecture • Scope of occupational psychosocial hazards • Work-related stress • Workplace violence • Bullying • All types of harassment • Work-life imbalance • Type of psychosocial hazards • Questionnaires Emilia Zainal Abidin

  41. Work environment Conceptual Frame Work of Stress Home environment FAMILY & SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC STRESSORS OCCUPATIONAL STRESSORS Work load Work environment Health status Family Conflict Financial Time and System Management ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECT 1. Physiological 2. Psychological 3. Behavioral OUTCOMES OF STRESS Organizational relationship Personality Training MODYFYING VARIABLES SUPPORT Knowledge Skill Social Interaction Coping mechanism Emotional support PERCEIVED STRESS Emilia Zainal Abidin

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  45. What to focus on? • Chapter 15: Prevention and Control principles • Based on module • Prevention and control according to the hierarchy of control • Elimination • Substitution • Isolation or Enclosure • Engineering Controls e.gLocal Exhaust Ventilation • Administrative Controls/Safe Work Practices • Personal Protective Equipment Effectiveness Emilia Zainal Abidin

  46. Insulated compressor box Emilia Zainal Abidin

  47. What to focus on? • Chapter 16: Workers’ compensation • Based on the module and half of lecture • Work compensation scheme in Malaysia • Private – SOCSO or Perkeso • Civil servants – Ex-Gratia Scheme • Foreign workers – Insurance from the Workmen Compensation Act • Self-employed – None Emilia Zainal Abidin

  48. SKIM PERKESO SKIM INSURANS BENCANA PEKERJAAN Bencanapadaseseorangpekerjasendiridisebabkanolehkemalanganatausuatupenyakitkhidmatterbitdaripadadandalammasamenjalankanpekerjaandalamsesuatuperusahaan. SKIMFAEDAHPERKESO SKIM PENCEN ILAT Skim inimemberiperlindungan 24 jamkepadapekerjaterhadapkeilatanataukematianakibatsebarangsebab yang tidakberkaitandenganpekerjaan.

  49. Faedah yang disediakan • SKIM INSURANS BENCANA PEKERJAAN • FaedahPerubatan • FaedahHilangupayaSementara • FaedahHilangupayaKekal • ElaunLayananSentiasa • Faedah Orang Tanggungan • FaedahPengurusanMayat • FaedahPemulihan • FaedahPendidikan • SKIM PENCEN ILAT • PencenIlat • BantuanIlat • ElaunLayananSentiasa • PencenPenakat • FaedahPengurusanMayat • FaedahPemulihan • FaedahPendidikan Emilia Zainal Abidin

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