Chapter 4: The American Revolution

1. Chapter 4: The American Revolution Section 1: The Stirrings of Rebellion

2. Section goals • ORIGINS (CAUSES) • Why did the British impose the Stamp Tax? • Why did the American colonists resist? • IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES (EFFECTS) • What form did colonial resistance take? • Did the protests lead to repeal of the Stamp Act? • LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES (EFFECTS) • What effect did protest and appeal have on colonial politics? • What effect did repeal have on British policy concerning the colonies?

3. Intro/Stamp Act- Take notes on what you see in the Video The Revolution: Boston Bloody Boston (1:00-9:37)

4. Question of the Day There is a very fine line between patriotism and Terrorism. Choose from the list of traits below and separate the traits into terrorist characteristics and Patriot characteristics • Willingness to die for a cause • Burning the homes of known government officials • Causing extreme physical harm to known government officials • Publishing the names of those who do not support your cause to the public • Burning effigies(visual representations) of government officials • Blatant interruption of trade • Encouragement to break accepted laws?

5. It’s a Trick Question • Every one of these traits can go both ways but in this case, they are all actions that will be taken by the patriot group called the Sons of Liberty

6. Video Questions Comprehension Questions • What has occurred to draw colonial outrage towards LT. Governor Hutchinson? • What was the Stamp Act of 1765? What did the tax mean for the colonies? What did the tax represent to the colonists? • How was it repealed?

7. Stamp Act(1765) • Hutchinson is duty bound to protect the interests of the Crown. As a result, he becomes the target of colonial rage when he actively carries out the stamp act. • The stamp act was a tax on any legal document including marriage licenses, contracts, and even cards. • This was the first time the British had ever put a direct tax on the colonists. • Colonists are most angry that the British have passed these taxes without consulting the colonists. • The colonists used two main methods, they boycotted all British goods and they harassed tax collectors

8. Intimidating a Tax Collector

9. Motivation to obey Boycott

10. Stinks to be a Tax collector • Colonists hang an effigy of a Tax collector

11. Townshend Acts(1767) • Indirect Tax on imported goods • Glass, lead, paper, paint, and Tea. • Women Boycott British Luxuries • Made their own clothing • Exchange Tea recipes • Not violent until 1768

12. The Liberty(June 1768) • The Liberty- John Hancock’s Ship is captured • Smuggling Wine • Colonists use as a rallying point • British respond by stationing 2000 troops in Boston

13. Boston Massacre(March 5, 1770) The Revolution: Boston Bloody Boston- Time 14:20-17:10

14. Based on notes and the videos that we saw in class, what happened at the Boston Massacre? • What happened? • What acts and events preceding the massacre led to the standoff between colonists and British forces? • How were the British Provoked? • How was the event exploited by the colonists?

15. Boston Tea Party The Revolution: Boston Bloody Boston (19:07-20:30)

16. Tea Act (1773) • British East India Co.: • Monopoly on Br. tea imports. • Many members of Parl. held shares. • Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to cols. without col. middlemen (cheaper tea!) • GB expected the cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.

17. The Boston Tea Party • Colonists dressed up like Mohawk Indians and boarded three British ships full of tea. • The colonists dumped all the tea into the harbor, about 90,000 pounds. • King George III was furious!

19. Intolerable Acts Response to Tea Party • The Port Act- Closes Boston Harbor until tea paid for • Quartering Act- Forces colonists to house British Soldiers without any compensation • Martial Law- British suspend the Massachusetts Colonial Government and Put Gen. Gage in control of MA

20. Colonial Politics Committee of Correspondence- interconnected network of communications between colonies. • By the mid 1770s it is clear that the colonists must work together against their emerging enemy, Great Britain • 1st time something like this has occurred on such a large scale.

21. 1st Continental Congress • September 1774- 56 Colonial delegates meet in Philadelphia • British attacks on one colony is an attack on all. • Independence NOT discussed at this point • Support protests of British policies • Will meet again in May 1775

22. Honors: Declaration of Rights and Grievances

23. Lexington and Concord(April 19, 1775) • Opening Battle of Rev. War • GB Objective • Capture rebel weapons in Concord • Arrest rebel leaders J. Hancock and J. Adams • Results • Colonists attack at Lexington Green • Attack British on return to Boston headquarters

24. Battle of Lexington and Concord America the Story of us. 35:40-43:30 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkFXulYEPLA

25. Question of the Day • How do we get to the point where the colonists take their first shots at the British at Lexington and Concord? Include all factors to this point that have angered the colonists • Stamp Act • Townshend Acts • Tea Party • Intolerable Acts • Continental Congress

26. Answer • The American colonists grow increasingly angry over British failure to address their concerns over taxation without representation. Through the stamp act, declaratory act, townshend acts, and tea acts, the British have made it clear that they will not respect the rights of colonists. This becomes increasingly clear when the Intolerable acts are passed after the Tea Party. By April 1775, Boston is occupied by British forces and blockaded from trade. They begin to stockpile weapons and come into conflict when the British attempt to seize these weapons in Concord and arrest Sam Adams and John Hancock

28. Tensions with British troops building • British troops in Boston increasing • Stockpiled firearms and gunpowder. • General Thomas Gage learned of these, planned to seize the illegal weapons in Concord. • Arrest John Hancock and Sam Adams

29. “The British ARE COMING!” • Colonists in Boston were keeping watch over the British troops moves. • Night of April 18, 1775 – Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott rode out to spread the word • 700 British troops were headed for Concord • From there Pre-arranged signals were sent from town to town that the British were coming.

30. The Battle of Lexington • G.B. Troops Reached Lexington at dawn • 70 minutemen drew up in lines on town green • British commander ordered to surround and disarm militia • Militia ordered to disperse • Someone fired, British fired, colonists fled • 8 minutemen killed, 9 wounded, 1 British soldier injured • Lasted 15 minutes

31. The Battle of Concord • British continued on to Concord • Arsenal in Concord Basically Empty • Brief skirmish with minutemen at North Bridge • British began march back to Boston to avoid further conflict, despite no reinforcements

32. The Return March to Boston • 3,000 to 4,000 minutemen had assembled • Hid behind stone walls and trees, fired at British • British fell by the dozens, only saved when reinforcements came from Boston • British went back to Boston • Colonists surrounded Boston, held the city under seige.

33. Homework • Ch4, sec 1- literature selection from April morning

34. Question of the Day • Using your textbook(pg. 96-102) and handout, explain what the Stamp Act was and how the colonists responded. • Include • Violent protests • Non-violent protests • Representation • Repeal