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Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar. Background Information. A Brief History of Rome. Rome before Republic (8 th century BC) Led by Etruscan kings during this time The rape of Lucretia : an Etruscan king’s son rapes a Roman lady of exceptional virtue. She makes this public and then stabs herself.

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Julius Caesar

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  1. Julius Caesar Background Information

  2. A Brief History of Rome • Rome before Republic (8th century BC) • Led by Etruscan kings during this time • The rape of Lucretia: an Etruscan king’s son rapes a Roman lady of exceptional virtue. She makes this public and then stabs herself. • There is an uprising, and this pushes the Etruscans out of Rome.

  3. Senators, Consuls, and Tribunes (from 509 BC) • 510 BC: founding of Roman Republic • Dictator (or Emperor) • he overlooks the senate • elected for six months • The Roman Senate • consists of 300 members • This position is for life • They select those who will take their place if they die. • They choose two people to become heads of state (known as praetors or consuls)

  4. Senators, Consuls, and Tribunes (from 509 BC) con. • Praetors/Consuls • elected for one year only • They govern Rome. • They must agree on every decision. • Tribunes • They make sure the rights of the people are being considered. • Plebs • The citizens of Rome (divided into two classes) • Proletarians: urban poor freed slaves • Patricians: wealthy citizens

  5. Julius Caesar • Triumvirs: power shared between three rulers • The First Triumvirate: Julius Caesar, Crassus, Pompey • Caesar: military leader • led military victories against Gaul (now France and Belgium) and Britain. • Pompey feared his military strength and popularity. • Ordered Caesar to give up his army. • Caesar refused, led army to Italy.

  6. Julius Caesar con. • Civil War against Pompey • Caesar forced Pompey and rivals to flee to the Balkans.  He pursued Pompey to Egypt, where he discovered Pompey had been murdered. • Pompey’s forces reorganized • final battle in Spain • Caesar vs. Pompey’s sons • Caesar won. • The beginning of Shakespeare’s play – Caesar returning from this battle • Caesar was seen as a possible end to Roman Republic and its democratic ideals.

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