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Sources and Types of Laws

Sources and Types of Laws. Pages 428-433. Good Laws. -Characteristics of Good Laws **Why? Fairness Reasonable Understandable Enforceable. Source of Our Laws. -American System - Declaration of Independence - Constitution. -Ancient Law Systems

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Sources and Types of Laws

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  1. Sources and Types of Laws • Pages 428-433

  2. Good Laws • -Characteristics of Good Laws • **Why? • Fairness • Reasonable • Understandable • Enforceable

  3. Source of Our Laws -American System -Declaration of Independence -Constitution • -Ancient Law Systems • -Hammurabi’s Law Code (You studied King Hammurabi in World History) • (1760 BC) Eye for an eye… • -Ten Commandments- • Hebrews followed this /reflected in our laws • -Roman Codes- • Jurisprudence: study of law • -English Law ** most important** • -Magna Carta (1215) • -English Bill of Rights (1689) • -Common Law System • Common law is based on precedent and customs

  4. Criminal Law • -Criminal Law– Laws that deal with specific statutory rules laid down by the government regarding people’s behavior • **95% of criminal trials are for violations of state laws • -misdemeanor- An offense less serious than a felony • Vandalism: destroying someone else’s property EX. Spraypaint side of Anderson’s Drug store • Petty theft: Ex. shoplifting • Will get a fine or less than a year jail time • -felony-a serious crime • Serious crimes EX Murder, drug trafficking, fraud

  5. Civil Law • -Civil Law • Laws that are based on disagreements and conflicts b/w individuals • -Lawsuits • When civil case goes to court • Legal action against a person or group sues to collect damages • -Contracts • Agreement b/w 2 or more parties • -Family law • Family issues like divorce, child custody, adoption, alimony • -Small Claims Courts- amount is $5000 or less

  6. Civil Law Vocabulary • Plaintiff-the person suing • Defendant-the person being sued • 7th Amendment -In a civil case if the amount of money involved is more than $20 a Person can ask for a jury trial. Civil trial for O.J. Simpson. He was ordered to pay over $33 million to the Goldman family

  7. Constitutional Law • -Constitutional Law • -law that deals specifically with rights and issues revolving around our rights as defined in state or national Constitutions • **example: • You felt you were a victim of unreasonable search and seizure

  8. Administrative Law -Administrative Law -these are laws that are formulated in response to laws passed by Congress -determined by the executive branch -has the same effect as law passed by legislature Part of the executive branch, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) decides what is censored on TV and radio.

  9. International Law • -International Law • Laws dealing with treaties and customs agreements among nations • -military agreements • -diplomatic treaties • -trade • -human rights • UN (United Nations) • World Court

  10. Statutory Law (type of public law) • Statute: law written by a legislative body of gov’t • Statues regulate our behavior • Ex: • by setting speed limits • Inspecting food products • Getting drivers licenses

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