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比較結構

比較結構. Dr. Chen. 定義. 所謂比較結構，就是藉著形容詞與副詞的字形變化，作為基準點，來表示兩個人或事物比較的程度。 一個比較基準點: 同等級 比較級 最高級 二個比較基準點：. 字形變化. 單音節 : 採[ - er, -est] 例外: strange, tired, real 雙音節：採[ - er, -est] 字尾: ful,-less,-ed,-ing,ous,-ive,-ous [ more , most]

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比較結構

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  1. 比較結構 Dr. Chen

  2. 定義 • 所謂比較結構，就是藉著形容詞與副詞的字形變化，作為基準點，來表示兩個人或事物比較的程度。 • 一個比較基準點: • 同等級 • 比較級 • 最高級 • 二個比較基準點：

  3. 字形變化 • 單音節 : 採[ -er, -est] 例外: strange, tired, real • 雙音節：採[ -er, -est] • 字尾: ful,-less,-ed,-ing,ous,-ive,-ous [more , most] • 字尾是-y,-ly,-le,-ow,-er 皆可: angry, cruel, friendly, polite, simple, clever. • 三音節以上:[more , most]: essential • 不規則字形變化: good, bad, far, little, late • 不作字形變化:unique、perfect、single 、 round、square。

  4. 句型 -同等級 • S1+ V1 + as adj/adv as + S2 + 代動詞 • He is as tall as his girl is. • He dances as beautifully as his girl does. • I has stayed here as long as he _____. • His girl is not_____ tall as he is.

  5. 句型 -同等級 • His success is not so because of his IQ as because of his efforts. • His success is not because of his IQ ______ because of his efforts. • She is as charming as I ever knew. • The city isn’t so crowded as it usually was. • Jim runs as fast as possible.

  6. 句型 -同等級 • The history of invention is as old as that of humans (is). • The names of jazz musicians were not so well-known as those of classic (were). • As long as, as soon as,

  7. 比較級-重點 • 兩個比較的對象必須是同等物才可比較 • The history of invention is as old as _______ of humans. • 避免雙重比較: He is more taller than I am. • 隱含比較: The cost of living in Taipei has been rising higher each year. • the higher education, the lower/higher lip • 沒有比較結構的adj /adv.: unique、perfect、single、round、square。

  8. 比較級-倒裝結構 • 如果兩個子句的動詞片語相同，則可以用代動詞'does'或'be 動詞'代替。代動詞出現時，如果強調被比較的對象，則第二個子句，採倒裝句型。例如： • Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _______eastern Nebraska.

  9. 比較級-拉丁語源 • 拉丁語系的形容詞或副詞，以'to'代替'than'。 • I prefer tea to coffee. • (=I like tea better than coffer.) • He is better than I am in English writing. • (=He is superior to _____ in English writing.) • (very good, ________ better, ________ the best) • He is far superior to me/ far better than I am.

  10. 最高級 • 某個團體中，某一個人或事務與整體的人或事務之比，故句尾常有 of the... /in the... /among the… • He is the tallest (student) of my students. • the most intelligent (child) in the family. • the quietest (boy) among those boys. • All of the scientists, Einstein was the greatest.

  11. 雙層比較結構 (the more, the more...) • 雙層比較結構的句型 • [The more + S1 + V1 , the more + S2 + V2] • When I waited longer, I became more impatient. • =The longer I waited, the more impatient I became. • If we leave earlier, we will arriver sooner. • =The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive. • When one gets older, one gets wiser. • =The older (one gets), the wiser (one gets).

  12. 雙層比較結構 (the more, the more...) • 省略 be V • The more expensive the hotel(is), the better the service(is). • The more S1 (V1), the more S2 (V2), adj 片語/子句 • The higher the standard of living, the greater the amount of paper (is) which is used

  13. 雙層比較結構 (the more, the more...) • The more + the N1 + V1, the more + the N2 +V2 • When living standard is higher, working opportunities are greater. • The higher living standard is, the greater opportunities are. •  The higher ______ living standard is, the greater _______ opportunities are.

  14. 雙層比較結構 - 特例 • The faster I drive, the better I feel. • =When I drive faster, I feel better. • =I feel better when I drive faster. • The better I feel, the faster I drive (X) • I feel better the faster I drive. • 只倒裝子句，且不加逗點

  15. 雙層比較結構 - 特例 • The body weighs less when it gets farther away from the surface of the earth. • The body weighs less ____________it gets away from the surface of the earth.

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