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Chapter 10 Part II

Chapter 10 Part II. Chapter 10. Basic Wave Behavior Reflection Refraction Diffraction. Wave Behavior. Reflection – Waves bounce off a surface Refraction- Waves bend when they move from one medium to another - pass through a boundary

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Chapter 10 Part II

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  1. Chapter 10 Part II

  2. Chapter 10 Basic Wave Behavior Reflection Refraction Diffraction

  3. Wave Behavior Reflection – Waves bounce off a surface Refraction- Waves bend when they move from one medium to another - pass through a boundary Diffraction- Waves spread out (bend) when they pass through a small opening or move around a barrier.

  4. Reflection B A True Path Wrong Path MIRROR When a wave encounters a barrier, it can reflect, or bounce off of the obstacle. Fermat's principle - light travels in straight lines and will take the path of least time

  5. Law of Reflection Reflected wave Incident wave This is true for both flat mirrors and curved mirrors. The Law of Reflection states: The angle of incidence ( θi ) measured from the “normal” equals the angle of reflection ( θr ) also measured from the normal.

  6. Specular vs. Diffuse Reflection The Law of Reflection is Always Observed (regardless of the orientation of the surface) If the Law of Reflection is always observed, why do some objects seem to reflect light better than others? In diffuse reflection, waves are reflected in many different ways from a rough surface (you can’t see your refection) In specular reflection, waves are reflected in the same direction from a smooth surface (you can see your reflection)

  7. Specular reflection from metal Diffuse reflection from skin Specular or diffuse? Calm water can provide for the specular reflection of light from the mountain creating an image of the mountain on the surface of the water.

  8. Refraction When one medium ends and another begins, that is called a boundary. When a wave encounters a boundary that is more dense, part of it is reflected and part of it is transmitted. The frequency of the wave is not altered when crossing a barrier, but the speed and wavelength are. The change in speed and wavelength can cause the wave to bend, if it hits the boundary at an angle other than 90°.

  9. Speed SLOWS as indicated by the wave bending “toward” the normal.

  10. Refraction for Light Waves Observer Fish in the water appear closer and nearer the surface. AIR WATER False Fish Normal → True Fish For light waves, this bending as light enters the water can cause objects under water to appear at a different location than they actually are.

  11. Refraction for Sound Waves Refraction for Water Waves Water waves bend when they pass from deep water into shallow water, the wavelength shortens and they slow down. Sound waves bend when passing into cooler or warmer air because the speed of sound depends on the temperature of the air. Sound travels slower in cooler air so the sound waves below bend toward the surface of the water where the air is cooler.

  12. Diffraction Barrier → Opening in barrier Diffraction involves a change in direction of waves as they pass through an opening or around a barrier in their path. http://www.ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/Diffraction.htm

  13. Electromagnetic Spectrum? Light and Color? Sound?

  14. Sources Conceptual Physics by Paul Hewitt www.physicsclassroom.com http://observe.phy.sfasu.edu/courses/phy101/lectures101/ http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/schools/teacher/lesson3/flash/whiteboardcomplete.swf

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