Personality

1. Personality By Mr. C With slides stolen from Dr. Kelley Kline FSU-Panama City And www.appsychology.com

2. Personality Questions (11 nc) • What is personality? • Who was Hippocrates? • What is psychodynamic approach to personality? • Freud’s 3 structures of personality? • What are ego defense mechanisms? • What is repression? Regression? • What is displacement? Projection? • What is reaction formation? Denial? • What is sublimation? What is compensation? • What are psychosexual stages of development? (3 cards) • What is fixation? • Note: Personality will need 21 note cards. You will want to color them the same color.

4. Hippocrates • Believed our personality is based on 4 “humours” or bodily fluids (blood, phlegm, cholera, black bile)

5. What is the psychodynamic perspective of personality? Started by Sigmund Freud, this perspective believes we are dominated by repressed, unconscious sexual, biological drives. Other psychoanalysts include Alfred Adler, Erik Erikson, Carl Jung

6. I. Freud—1856-1939 • An Austrian Neurologist who became fascinated with studying hysteria. Father of psychoanalysis.

7. The Psychodynamic approach was the first theory on personality (early 1900s) • We are driven by unconscious forces (sexual and aggressive forces).

8. What is the iceberg analogy of consciousness?

9. III. Levels of Consciousness: Iceberg theory • 1. Conscious mind – like the top of the iceberg, only a small portion of our mind is accessible to us. • 2. Preconscious mind – material that is unconscious, but can be easily brought into awareness. Moves back & forth easily between conscious & unconscious. • 3. Unconscious mind – is completely outside of our awareness (could produce anxiety if made conscious).

10. The iceberg is a good analogy because very little is visible on the surface but lots more is visible under water.

12. IV. What are Freud’s parts of personality? • 1. Id – “pleasure principle” unconsciousimpulses that want to be gratified, without regard to potential punishment. • 2. Ego “reality principle” – moderates between the id and superego. • 3. Superego – the “moral principle” of our personality which tells us right from wrong our conscience

14. Which part of our personality is completely unconscious? • A. Ego • B. Id • C. Superego • D. yomamma

15. What TV characters are driven by the ID?

16. ID

17. ID leads us to eating and drinking

18. How about Superego?

19. Superego

20. How about ego, our voice of reason?

21. Ego

22. Id controlling Marge.

23. The Ego moderates between the Id and the Superego.

24. Personality Development • Freud argued that personality development- is result of conflicts we resolve in childhood. • We learn to satisfy id impulses while handling societal pressures.

25. In Sigmund Freud’s view, the role of the ego is to • A. make the individual feel superior to others • B. make the individual feel inferior to others • C. mediate among the id, the superego, and reality • D. serve the demands of the unconscious • E. serve the demands of the superego

26. In accord with psychoanalytic theory, one of the primary functions of the superego is to • A.assure that desires are gratified at the appropriate time • B.guide behavior prior to the development of the id and ego • C.assure immediate gratification of any need or desire as it occurs • D.balance and respond to the demands of the id and ego • E.serve as the individual’s conscience

27. What are ego Defense Mechanisms? • How our personality (ego) deals with unpleasant emotions and thoughts.

28. VI. Defense mechanisms • 1. Repression: “motivated forgetting” the suppression of unpleasant thoughts. We push unpleasant thoughts into unconscious so that we can’t access them. • E.g., a child who is molested, may suppress the traumatic event so that he/she has no memory for the event.

29. 2. Rationalization – we justify something bad we’ve done You run over a person and tell yourself “I’m sure he would have died soon anyway.” • You steal and say, “Well, I spend a lot of money at this store!”

30. Everybody else is doing it! New Orleans looting after Katrina

31. 3.Regression • Dealing with problems by “regressing” or going backward in terms of maturity. • Ex: Soldiers crying for “mommy” • Ex: Fighting couples acting immature.

32. 4. Displacement-you take out your anger & frustration on a person or object not the actual target of your anger in a negative way • E.g., After being grilled by your boss, you go home & yell at your partner or the dog/cat. • Peeing on the teacher’s car.

33. 5. Projection – You attribute your negative characteristics to another person. • When people project their own faults onto others, they generally do not deny that they themselves possess those faults. • E.g., Your partner tells you how selfish you are, when they are in fact selfish.

34. Why is this projection?

35. 6. Reaction Formation – acting the opposite of how you feel. • You do the opposite of how you feel to defend your own doubts. • E.g., A person who doubts his faith may act like a religious zealot to defend his religion.

37. Reaction Formation

38. 7. What is Denial?

39. Denial, not “The Nile!!!!”

40. 2. Denial- refusing to believe something unpleasant has occurred. • We refuse to accept horrible news, even with evidence to the contrary. • E.g., you hear a friend has died & won’t believe it’s true.

41. “I don’t have drinking problem”

42. 8. Sublimation –Making something bad about yourself into something positive. • Don’t mix up with displacement (kicking dog) • E.g., Aggressive impulses are transformed into the urge to engage in competitive sports. • Most desirable way of dealing with unacceptable id impulses.

44. 9. What is compensation? • We do something well to make up (compensate) for other deficits in our life. • Ex: We become a cop to compensate for getting picked on as a child.

45. According to Freud, which is the most important factor in personality? • A.behavior • B.unconscious impulses • C.thoughts • D.emotions • E.genetics

46. Hal is fearful of men who are friendly toward him, convinced that they are all homosexuals attempting to seduce him. Should it be the case that Hal is himself a latent homosexual fearful of admitting this even to himself, we might conclude that he is using the defense mechanisms of repression and • A. reaction formation • B. projection • C. displacement • D. regression • E. denial

47. When parents refuse to accept several psychologists’ diagnosis of a child’s mental illness, they are using which of the following defense mechanisms? • A. Denial • B. Displacement • C. Projection • D. Rationalization • E. Regression

48. A man who has numerous reasons to hate his mother instead lavishes her with unrealistic amounts of attention and love. He is probably exhibiting the defense mechanism of • A. regression • B. identification • C. reaction formation • D. displacement • E.projection

49. Freud’s psychosexual stages • Oral (0-1) (1 card) • Anal (2-3) (1 card) • Phallic (4-5) (1 card) • Latency (6-12) (1 card) • Genital (puberty and older) (1 card) • Each stage has a pleasure center – center for libidnal energy

50. Oral Stage