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Warm Up

Warm Up. Describe the Japanese military defense of Okinawa & Iwo Jima. Section 5. WWII Ends. The Yalta Conference. Meeting of FDR, Stalin and Churchill , Jan. 1945 What to do with post-war Germany, Eastern Europe? Divide Germany into 4 sectors

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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up Describe the Japanese military defense of Okinawa & Iwo Jima

  2. Section 5 WWII Ends

  3. The Yalta Conference • Meeting of FDR, Stalin and Churchill , Jan. 1945 What to do with post-war Germany, Eastern Europe? • Divide Germany into 4 sectors - Americans, British & French would each occupy a sector in western Germany - Soviet Union was given the largest zone, the eastern half of Germany • Stalin agreed to hold elections in Poland & occupied eastern European nations • Stalin also agreed to declare war on Japan after Germany was defeated

  4. Crossing the Rhine • The Rhine River marks the symbolic barrier to central Germany • Hitler ordered all bridges destroyed to slow Allied troops • Americans captured the bridge at Remagen before it could be destroyed • Allied troops were able to cross river, surround and capture 250,000 German troops

  5. Berlin • Allied troops were 200 miles from Berlin • Soviet lines were 30 miles from the city • Eisenhower knew the battle for the city would be bloody • Wanted to preserve American forces for the Pacific • The capture of Berlin was left to the Soviets

  6. Death of FDR • April 12, 1945

  7. American & Soviet troops meet at the Elbe River

  8. Liberation of the Concentration Camps • As Allied troops advanced, the began to liberate Concentration Camps • Many prisoners who had been liberated died after they were set free due to effects of malnutrition & disease

  9. Hitler’s Death • Committed suicide in his bunker in Berlin on April 30, 1945 • After news of Hitler’s death spread, fighting halted • Berlin surrendered May 2 • Germany agreed to surrendered on May 8 • V-E Day – Victory in Europe Day

  10. Winning the War in the Pacific • Allied commanders hoped to force Japan to surrender • Naval blockade • Heavy bombing raids • Gen. Curtis Lemay led a air raid over Tokyo • Fire bombing • killed 84,000 & destroyed 270,000 buildings

  11. Fire Bombing of Tokyo

  12. The Atomic Bomb • The Manhattan Project completed first successful test of Atomic bomb June, 1945 • President Harry Truman formed group to advise him on use of the bomb • Truman decided that use of this new weapon was acceptable option

  13. Fighting in the Pacific • Watch clip from The Pacific

  14. The Atomic Bomb • Issued demand for Japan to surrender on July 26, failure to do so would result in “prompt & utter destruction” • Japanese failed to respond • Aug. 6, 1945, B-29 bomber named the Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima

  15. The Atomic Bomb Hiroshima • 80,000 killed instantly • 35,000 injured • 2/3 of cities buildings destroyed • Japanese leaders to no action to end war Nagasaki • Aug 9, 1945 • Americans decided to drop a second bomb on the city of Nagasaki • 40,000 killed

  16. Hiroshima and Nagasaki destruction

  17. Victory in Japan • Aug. 15, 1945 Emperor Hirohito announced surrender over the radio - First time the Japanese people had ever heard his voice • V-J Day- Victory over Japan Day

  18. The Nuremburg Trials The Nuremburg Trials • Prosecution of Nazi’s for the crimes of the Holocaust • 22 Nazi’s were tried for “Crimes against Humanity” • 12 were sentenced to die • First time individuals were punished for war crimes

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