II. _________ of the these Apparent Motions: a/ The Sun moves across the sky at ________due to

1. Causes II. _________ of the these Apparent Motions: a/ The Sun moves across the sky at ________due to Earth's _______________. b/ Its path changes each day due to a ________________ of 2 Reasons: 150/h rotation combination Reason #1: ________________________________________ Revolution of Earth around the Sun definitions: the orbiting of one celestial body around another Revolution - ___________________________________ ___________________________________ the time required to complete one revolution period of - ___________________________________ revolution ___________________________________

2. view from above: (not to scale) ellipse Sun E foci 10 ___/day 3600 1 revolution = _________ period of revolution = _________ 365 days 0.990/day 10/day 3600 rate of = ________________ = ________ revolution ≈ _______ 365 days

3. tilted Reason #2: Earth's axis stays ____________ at an angle of _________with respect to its _______________________ _______. orbit around the 23.50 Sun spring (vernal) _______________ 23.50 equinox E Sun winter __________ E E summer __________ solstice solstice E fall (autumnal) _______________ equinox Rotation axis

4. Summer Solstice in NY – Sun is ________ _______________ _______________ Z almost overhead (close to Z) NYS Sun's Rays Z Winter Solstice in NY – Sun is ________ _______________ _______________ NYS Sun's Rays lower in the sky (far from Z)

5. completes 1 arc In Sum: 1/ Rotation  Sun __________________________ 2/ Axis tilt + revolution  ___________paths on ___________ days 3/ Earth is spherical  arcs are _____________ different different tilted Polaris Z altitude = latitude W S N E

6. III. Consequences Earth's night side faces in different directions during the year, making it possible to see different constellations at night. A. Because of revolution, _________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ A group of stars that form patterns of imaginary things such as animals, heroes and mythical gods, and other objects Constellation: - ___________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ pattern seen from Earth Actual stars of constellation are _______________ _______________ ___________ ___________ _________: at different distances Earth

10. midnight away from the Sun At ____________ , you are looking _______________________ summer

11. Sagittarius, Scorpius Capricornus

13. midnight away from the Sun At ____________ , you are looking _______________________ summer fall

14. Pisces Aquarius Aries

16. midnight away from the Sun At ____________ , you are looking _______________________ summer winter fall

17. Cancer Gemini Taurus

19. midnight away from the Sun At ____________ , you are looking _______________________ spring summer winter fall

20. Virgo Libra Leo