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HAWAIIAN LAVA FLOWS

HAWAIIAN LAVA FLOWS. -. Lava flows: ‘a‘ā and pāhoehoe. From Hawaiian Dictionary by M.K. Puku‘i & S.H. Elbert. ‘a‘ā : 1. To burn, blaze, glow; fire; staring, as eyes. angry, fury. e.g. Ua ‘a‘ā ‘ ia au i ke aloha (I burn with love) 2. stony, abounding with ‘a‘ā lava.

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HAWAIIAN LAVA FLOWS

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  1. HAWAIIAN LAVA FLOWS -

  2. Lava flows: ‘a‘ā and pāhoehoe From Hawaiian Dictionaryby M.K. Puku‘i & S.H. Elbert ‘a‘ā: 1. To burn, blaze, glow; fire; staring, as eyes. angry, fury. e.g. Ua ‘a‘ā‘ ia au i ke aloha (I burn with love) 2. stony, abounding with ‘a‘ā lava. pāhoehoe: 1. Smooth, unbroken type of lava. 2. Satin. 3. to drive fish into a net by beating the paddles rhythmically against the canoe.

  3. Lava flows: ‘a‘ā and pāhoehoe These two types of flow are identical chemically (what they’re made of). Their differences are due to different emplacement processes (how the lava flows out of the volcano) - flow rates, cooling rates, etc. Pāhūhū: to gush, ooze forth Ho‘opōhaku: to harden, as lava (Courtesy of Ululani Makue)

  4. ‘a‘ā and pāhoehoe flows on the north flank of Mauna Loa ~3 m

  5. Wave-cut cliff section, Makapu‘u, O‘ahu

  6. ‘a‘ā flows

  7. When moving, the incandescent interior deforms fluidly (the glowing lava inside breaks apart and cools as it flows) ~1 m

  8. The top surface is relatively small, spiny clinkers

  9. Distal-type ‘a‘ā flows standard geologists for scale

  10. Air photo of the distal end of the 1942 Mauna Loa flow

  11. Three relatively thin ‘a‘ā flows in cross section flow cores clinker

  12. Pāhoehoe flows

  13. Flow field of pāhoehoe “toes” (individual flow units) ~0.5 m

  14. active pāhoehoe toe ~20 cm

  15. Pāhoehoe issuing from a crack in a previous toe ~40 cm

  16. Old pāhoehoe flows in cliff section, Kaua‘i ~2 m

  17. ‘Olelo no‘eau involving lava (from M. K. Pukui; compiled by Ululani Makue) O ka lā ko luna, o ka pāhoehoe ko lalo. The sun above, the smooth lava below. Said of a journey in which the traveler suffers the heat of the sun above and the reflected heat from the lava below (a difficult trip). Kīkē ka ‘alā, uwē ka māmane. When the boulders clash, the mamane tree weeps. Meaning that when two people fight, those that are dear to them often weep.

  18. Volcano activity:Upward Bound students at LCC, summer 2008 • Paper cup with it’s top cut off = “volcano” • “volcano” is taped around the bottom to cardboard • Baking soda & Alka Seltzer is put in cup • Vinegar w/gelatin is poured into volcano • “Eruption” occurs • Extent of eruption is marked with a pen • Then filled in with Play-doh • Multiple eruptions are generated

  19. Students preparing for volcano demo: Cutting paper cup Crushing AlkaSeltzer

  20. Student adds Alka Seltzer to baking soda for added “explosivity” “volcano” with tape around the bottom to prevent/minimize leaking

  21. Vinegar added to the baking soda/Alka Seltzer mix

  22. Plah-doh marks the extent of the “lava flow”

  23. A second eruption is generated,and overlays the 1st

  24. representing the 2nd lava flow. A third lava flow - note yellow play-doh, You can take a “core” of the lava flows using a straw

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