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Ecological Organization

Ecological Organization. Biology EOCT Review http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1pp_7-yTN4. Organization of the Earth’s Biosphere. Biosphere : the thin region of Earth that supports all life. Includes all of Earth’s organisms and the environments in which they live.

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Ecological Organization

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  1. Ecological Organization Biology EOCT Review http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1pp_7-yTN4

  2. Organization of the Earth’s Biosphere • Biosphere: the thin region of Earth that supports all life. Includes all of Earth’s organisms and the environments in which they live. • Ecology: the science that studies the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environments Biome: a group of eco-systems that have similar climates and similar types of plant life Organism: any living thing Ecosystem: consists of all the communities in an area and the nonliving parts of the environment Community: all the populations that inhabit the same area at the same time Population: all of the organisms of a species that living in area at the same time

  3. Biotic Factors • Living things in the environment

  4. Abiotic Factors Air • Non living things in an environment Soil Light Climate Water

  5. Terrestrial Biomes: Tundra • Annual temperatures: -40C to 10C; annual precipitation (mostly snow) less than 25 cm; upper layer of frozen soil called permafrost • Vegetation: nearly treeless; grasses, sedges, lichen, mosses, low shrubs • Animals: arctic hare, polar bear, lemming, snowy owl, caribou

  6. Terrestrial Biomes: Tropical Rain Forest • Annual temperatures: 20C to 30C; annual precipitation greater than 200 cm; nutrient-poor soil • Vegetation: broad-leafed evergreen trees, ferns, orchids • Animals: monkeys, flying squirrels, parrots, jaguars

  7. Terrestrial Biomes: Desert • Annual temperatures: -30C to 40C in cool deserts; 20C to 50C in hot deserts; annual precipitation less than 25 cm • Vegetation: mesquite and other brush, cacti, small plants • Animals: jackrabbits, coyotes, snakes, lizards, camels, hawks

  8. Terrestrial Biomes: Grassland • Annual temperatures: -40C to 35C in temperate grasslands; 10C to 35C in tropical grasslands; annual precipitation 20 cm to 100 cm • Vegetation: grasses, clover, herbs, sunflowers • Animals: wolves, antelopes, elephants, prairie dogs, snakes

  9. Terrestrial Biomes: Taiga • Annual temperatures: -30C to 20C; annual precipitation 30 cm to 50cm; acidic soil that thaws completely in summer • Vegetation: coniferous trees, ferns, mosses, lichen • Animals: snowshoe hare, timber wolf, weasel, bears, moose

  10. Terrestrial Biomes: Temperate Deciduous Forest • Annual temperatures: -10C to 35C; annual precipitation 75 to 125 cm • Vegetation: broadleaf trees, birch, oak, wildflowers, vines, mosses • Animals: white-tailed deer, rabbits, squirrels, raccoon, jays, owls

  11. Aquatic Biomes: Freshwater • Flowing-water: rivers, streams, creeks, and brooks • Have plants, algae, insects, fish ducks, phytoplankton, and zooplankton • Are adapted to seasonal changes in water level and rate of flow and temperature changes • Standing-water: lakes and ponds • Water flows into and out of these ecosystems and then circulates-causes changes in temperature • Have phytoplankton, zooplankton, algae, plants, insects, fish, amphibians, and wading birds

  12. Aquatic Biomes: Marine • Defined by salt water; include open ocean, rocky intertidal zones, and estuaries • Organisms adapt to the depth of the ocean they live in (pressure) as well as the amount of sunlight they receive • Estuaries are areas where freshwater meets the salty water of the sea

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