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Food and Culture in China

Food and Culture in China. Julia Kaesberg. Where in the world is China?. China is located in Southeastern Asia. Climate. Because China is such a large country, there are five different temperature zones (Cold, Mid, Warm, Subtropical and Tropical)

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Food and Culture in China

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  1. Food and Culture in China Julia Kaesberg

  2. Where in the world is China? • China is located in Southeastern Asia

  3. Climate • Because China is such a large country, there are five different temperature zones (Cold, Mid, Warm, Subtropical and Tropical) • Monsoons also affect China, giving some cities as much as 6,000 mm of rain in a single year • Some areas, however, get very little rain and thus have a very dry climate

  4. Nutrition/Health Problems • Being overweight or obese is a growing problem in China. 22.7% of adults are overweight and 9.5% are obese • Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes, IFG and Metabolic Syndrome are also becoming more prevalent • Increased sedentary lifestyle and sedentary behavior are the major contributors • There is also macronutrient deficiency in many areas of China

  5. Major Industries • Top Industries • Oil and Gas (China Petroleum, Petro China) • Telecommunications (China Mobile, China Telecom) • Banking (Bank of China) • Metals (Baoshan Iron and Steel) • Construction (China Communications Construction) • Computers (Lenovo Group) • Agriculture Products: rice, potatoe, peanuts, tea, millet and barley

  6. Who lives in China? • Ethnicity • Han (91.9%), remaining 8.1% are Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Yi, Mongolian, Tibetan, Buyi and Korean • Population: 1.251 billion, 70.0 years life expectancy, officially atheist • Because of population growth, families are limited to one child unless they live in a rural area or are an ethnic minority • Average family size is 3.39 people • Average income is $3,421

  7. Health and Nutrition • Top causes of death in China: • Malignant neoplasms • Heart disease • Cerebrovasclar disease • Infectious diseases • Pneumonia and influenza • Obesity • Malnutrition

  8. Cultural Events • The main cultural events in China are festivals • Spring Festival- all families get together. This includes the Chinese New Year. All families eat dinner together and have more extravagant meals. • Lantern Festival- Consists of exchanging of gifts, firecrackers and celebration. This marks the end of the new year. A common food is tangyuan, which is a dumpling made of rice rolled into balls and stuffed with different sweet fillings • Pure Brightness Day- People offer sacrifices to their ancestors and appreciate the beauty of spring • Mid- Autumn Festival- offering to the Moon Goddess. It came to symbolize “family reunion” Traditional Food at this festival is “moon cakes” which are elaborate cakes given to the Moon Goddess as a sacrfice.

  9. Meal Traditions • Respect is central to the meal, especially to the elderly • The host begins the meal by offering words to greet the guests and family members • The best food is presented to the elderly, who are thought to have the most wisdom • The main dishes are placed in the middle of the table, in front of the elderly or special guests. Side dishes are then places evenly on the sides in a decorative manner, which signifies virtue • Chopsticks are also important because they reflect wisdom and are considered lucky gifts for those who get married or are celebrating other special occasions

  10. Typical Chinese Foods • Starches: millet, rice, wheat, maize, buckwheat, yam, sweet potato • Legumes: soybean, broad bean, peanut • Vegetables: Chinese cabbage, mustard green, turnip, radish, mushroom • Fruits: peach, apricot, plum, apple, jujube date, pear, crab apple, orange • Meat: pork, dog, beef, mutton, venison, chicken, duck, goose, pheasant and fish • Spices: red pepper, ginger, garlic, spring onion, cinnamon • Chinese cooking is mainly the manipulation of these staple foods • Different areas of China use these ingredients differently

  11. School Meals • Many Chinese school lunches include their typical foods listed on the previous slide • These tend to be high in fat and sodium, similar to many school lunches in the United States • However, some public schools are implementing school nutrition programs which are improving the options available to students as well as decreasing nutrient deficiencies

  12. Celebratory Meals • For younger children noodles are served before their birthday to celebrate the longevity of their life and China through the long noodles • Birthday cakes are served on a person’s actual birthday. Peaches are also commonly served to symbolize immortality • For weddings, common foods include: Chinese dates, peanuts, longan and chestnuts in hopes of helping the couple to have a child • If a person has been away for a long time, noodles are served and they are sent off with dumplings, especially in the northeast • During the Dragon Boat Festival, zongzi (a pyramid shaped dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves) is commonly served • On the 8th day of the last month, porridge called “La Ba Zhou” is served. • When a baby is born, the father sends red boiled eggs as an announcement. Black ends and an even number of dots painted on indicate a boy and no black end and an odd number of points indicates a girl • On new years, fish is generally served • Foods that are more expensive and/or rare are reserved for special holidays as well as those that have special significance and meaning to the people

  13. The Chinese Food “Pagoda” • The food pagoda is the Chinese version of “MyPlate” • There are five levels in the food pagoda and it is set up like a pyramid • Grains, potatoes, beans and water create the bottom (250- 4oo grams and 1,200 mL of water • Vegetables and fruit are next, with 300- 500 grams of vegetables recommended and 200-400 grams of fruits • Meat, fish, shrimp and eggs are third with 50-75 grams of meat, 50- 100 grams of fish and shrimp and 25-50 grams of eggs every day • Dairy is next with 300 grams and 40-50 grams of nuts and soybean • Oil and salt are the top with 25-30 grams of oil and 6 garams of salt per day

  14. State Food and Drug Administration • The commissioner is Mr. Shao Mingli • The purpose of the organization is similar to the USDA in that they create policies for food safety, medicines and supervise food hygiene • There are many different departments including the Department of Food Safety Supervision, Drug Registration, and Drug and Safety & Inspection • There is a website in English as well as Chinese available for more information for the people of China to find out about policies and public health

  15. Resources • Arora, R. (2007, August 28). China's top 100 companies. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/09/03/100203550/index.htm • Background notes: China. (2000, November). Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/www/background_notes/china_0011_bgn.html • Chang, K. C. (n.d.). Food in chinese culture. Retrieved from http://asiasociety.org/lifestyle/food-recipes/food/meats/food-chinese-culture • China food pagoda. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.bch.cuhk.edu.hk/fns/fun-in-seven/english/images/HealthyDietPyramid/secondary/p1.html • China weather. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.travelchinaguide.com/climate/ • Chinese family shrinking in size. (2005, May 10). Retrieved from http://www.china.org.cn/english/Life/128241.htm • He, J. (2005, September 15). Major causes of death among men and women in china. Retrieved from http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsa050467 • Holidays and festivals. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.gac-china.com/China_Insight/China_Facts/Festivals/festivals.html • Mulbrandon, C. (2008, January 27). Income of united states, japan, india, china, and indonesia since 1500. Retrieved from http://visualizingeconomics.com/2008/01/27/income-of-united-states-japan-india-china-and-indonesia-since-1500/ • Shi-Chang, X. (2004). Creating health- promoting schools in china with a focus on nutrition. Health Promotion International , 19(4), 409-418. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=2&hid=7&sid=ca6ba04f-0388-4431-8ac1-20b532ee93d2@sessionmgr13&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ== • State food and drug administration , p.r. china. (2011).Retrieved from http://eng.sfda.gov.cn/WS03/CL0756/ • The chinese food pagoda. (2009, March 31). Retrieved from http://www.china.org.cn/health/2009-03/31/content_17528710.htm • World atlas: China. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/cnnewz.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/cn.htm&h=333&w=795&sz=61&tbnid=78V7PBe74RVjVM:&tbnh=47&tbnw=113&zoom=1&docid=iLARpesVohjRGM&sa=X&ei=oVLFToWnHO_J0AHXjP3GCg&ved=0CD0Q9QEwBA&dur=839

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