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Minneapolis' Bus 2.0 and its Implications for New Jersey

Minneapolis' Bus 2.0 and its Implications for New Jersey. Alain L. Kornhauser Professor, Op e rations Research & Financial Engineering Director, Program in Transportation Faculty Chair, PAVE (Princeton Autonomous Vehicle Engineering) Princeton University. Committee for a Smart New Jersey

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Minneapolis' Bus 2.0 and its Implications for New Jersey

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  1. Minneapolis' Bus 2.0 and its Implications for New Jersey Alain L. KornhauserProfessor, Operations Research & Financial EngineeringDirector, Program in Transportation Faculty Chair, PAVE (Princeton Autonomous Vehicle Engineering) Princeton University Committee for a Smart New Jersey The New Jersey State Chapter of ITS America 2012 Annual Symposium December 14, 2012

  2. 2005 2007 Beginning of Serious Vehicle Automation Link to Presentation Old House Not Easy 2005 2007

  3. EvolvutionSince the DARPA Challenges.. From the Stanford team… Feet off Hands off Google Team: ~50 People ~ $15M/yr(chump change)

  4. They’re Addressing the fact that… We really don’t want to drive…

  5. Addressing the fact that… We aren’t that good… >90% crashes involve human error Google’s : DOT HS 810 767 Pre-Crash Scenario Typology for Crash Avoidance Research More on Google: Levandowski Presentation

  6. Evolution by the Auto Makers • Self-parking systemsvideo(1st version Toyota ’03; US ‘06) MB Park Assist • Lane Departure Warning Systems • Continental LWDS; BendixAutoVue LDWS; Ford Driver Alert; Bosch Lane Departure and Lane Keeping Support; Continental Driver Assistance Systems • Frontal Impact Warning Systems Volvo video • MBML350 Safety Features *; Mercedes Benz; MB Lane Keeping Assistance; MB Active Lane Keeping Assist YouTube* • MB Attention Assist YouTube;

  7. Evolution by Specialized Road Vehicles: Snow Plows Minnesota: Snowplow Technology Integration for Driver Assistance http://www.cts.umn.edu/Research/ProjectDetail.html?id=1999005 Alaska: Smart Snowplows http://www.govtech.com/e-government/Smart-Snowplows-Keep-the-Highway-to-Valdez-Alaska-Clear.html California: Filed-Ready GPS-Based Guidance Methods and Systems for Winter Maintenance Vehicles http://ahmct.ucdavis.edu/pdf/UCD-ARR-09-09-30-03.pdf

  8. Evolution in Transit Buses Objective: Efficient Utilization of Narrow Bus-Only Shoulders • Methodology: Driver Assistance via • Virtual Images, • Haptic Feedback, and • Tactile Feedback (It Knows Enough to Steer the Bus, but doesn’t) http://www.bus2.me.umn.edu/

  9. Bus 2.0: Initial Demonstration ofTransit-based Driver Assistance Fleet of 10 Gillig low floor buses Morning and evening express services 22 mile (one-way) travel distance Reliable travel times in all weather and traffic conditions

  10. Bus 2.0: Transit-based Driver AssistanceHow Do They Do It?

  11. Bus 2.0: Transit-based Driver AssistanceHow Do They Do It? It Just Works!

  12. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • It Consists of: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ Port Authority Bus Terminal • 223 Departure Gates • Readily Accommodates 700 Buses/hr

  13. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • It Consists of: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel

  14. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • It Consists of: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only

  15. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • It Consists of: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Many Strategically Located Park&Ride Lots

  16. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Pieces are Connected by: • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • 2.5 miles

  17. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Pieces are Connected by: • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • Lane Segregation is by Removable Plastic Peg • Yet exceedingly Safe • 3 (?) accidents in 41 years, no fatalities.

  18. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Pieces are Connected by: • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL Movie) • Daily (6am->10am): 1,800 Buses; 65,000 pax • Peak Hour: 700 Buses; 35,000 pax • Peak Hour: At Capacity! • Physical Driver Limit • Av. 5 sec. headway

  19. Improving The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Additional Demand Exists for “BRT 2 NYC” • How to increase capacity of XBL? • “Take a 2nd Lane”? • Political suicide! • Widen the Viaduct and Helix? • Very expensive/disruptive • How about Driver Assistance? • Extend Bus 2.0 Technology

  20. Improving The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Go Beyond Bus 2.0: • add Intelligent Cruise Control with Lane Assist to the 2,000 buses… • e.g. Daimler Benz Distronic Plus with Traffic Jam Assist • even at $100,000/bus this is just $200M • Could achieve sustained 3.0 second headways • Increases practical throughput by 50% • from 700 -> 1,000 buses/hr; 35,000 -> 50,000 pax/hr • Increased passenger capacity comparable to what would have been provided by $10B ARC rail tunnel • Institutionally manageable: • All Express Buses are leased for 1$/yr from PANY&NJ • Facilities (XBL, LT, PABT) are controlled by PANY&NJ DoT • Ideal test facility available: • Ft. Monmouth

  21. Improving The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System Concept Not New: Concept Makes Even More Sense Now!

  22. Thank You

  23. 2005 2007 Link to Presentation Old House Not Easy 2005 2007

  24. Could the Best be made even Better?Is the XBL an opportunity • Specific: “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • Currently: • Fleet of 3,000 buses use the XBL leading to the Lincoln Tunnel & 42nd Street PA Bus Terminal. • Unassisted practical capacity: 700 Buses/hr(5.1 sec headway) • By adding Intelligent Cruise Control with Lane Assist to 3,000 buses… • e.g. Daimler Benz Distronic Plus with Traffic Jam Assist • Could achieve sustained 3.0 second headways • Increases practical throughput by 50% • from 700 -> 1,000 buses/hr; 35,000 -> 50,000 pax/hr • Increased passenger capacity comparable to what would have been provided by $10B ARC rail tunnel.

  25. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • 2.5 miles; 700 Buses/hr; 35,000 pax/hr; 1,800 Daily Buses; 65,000pax/(6am->10am)

  26. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • Lane Segregation is by Removable Plastic Peg

  27. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only

  28. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Many Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  29. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) • Lane Segregation is by Removable Plastic Peg

  30. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Many Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  31. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Many Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  32. Extending Bus 2.0 Technology to Substantially Enhance New Jersey’s Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact:For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • There exists: • Efficient Boarding/Alighting @ PA Bus Terminal • Direct Access/Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Many Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  33. Extending Bus 2.0 Technology to Substantially Enhance New Jersey’s Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact: For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • Composed of: • an efficient Boarding/Alighting Port Authority Bus Terminal • Direct Access and Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Numerous Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  34. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact: For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • Composed of: • an efficient Boarding/Alighting Port Authority Bus Terminal • Direct Access and Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Numerous Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  35. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact: For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • Composed of: • an efficient Boarding/Alighting Port Authority Bus Terminal • Direct Access and Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Numerous Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

  36. The World’s Best Bus Rapid Transit System • Fact: For over 40 years New Jersey has had the World’s Best “Bus Rapid Transit” System! • Composed of: • an efficient Boarding/Alighting Port Authority Bus Terminal • Direct Access and Egress to Exclusive Lanes in the Lincoln Tunnel • “495-viaduct” Counter-flow Exclusive Bus Lane (XBL) URL • 3+ HOV Lanes on the NJ Turnpike that are, by default, essentially bus-only • Numerous Efficiently Located Park&Ride Lots

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