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The Koreas

The Koreas. Geography North Korea. Find: Korea Bay - Haeju Yellow Sea - Kanggye Yulu River - Hyesan Tumen River - Najin Taedong River - Cho’ongjin Imjin River - Kinch’aek P’yongyang -Wonsan Sinuiju - Sariwon Namp’o. Geography South Korea. Find: T’aebaek Mts. -Seoul -Chonju

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The Koreas

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  1. The Koreas

  2. Geography North Korea • Find: • Korea Bay -Haeju • Yellow Sea -Kanggye • Yulu River -Hyesan • Tumen River -Najin • Taedong River -Cho’ongjin • Imjin River -Kinch’aek • P’yongyang -Wonsan • Sinuiju -Sariwon • Namp’o

  3. Geography South Korea • Find: • T’aebaek Mts. -Seoul -Chonju • Sea of Japan -Kangnung -Taegu • Yellow Sea -Chuncheon -Masan • Korea Strait -Inch’on -Kwangju • Cheju Strait -Suwon -Mokp’o • Han River -Wonju -Pusan • Naktong River -Andong -Yosu • Kum River -Kunsan -P’ohang

  4. Climate • North Korea: temperate with rainfall concentrated in the summer • South Korea: temperate, with rainfall heavier in the summer than winter

  5. Size- Slightly smaller than Mississippi North Korea Mississippi

  6. Size- Slightly larger than Indiana South Korea Indiana

  7. Korean War • June 25, 1950- July 1953 • North Korea invaded South Korea • Created an Armistice line at the 38th parallel • North Korea- Russia and China • South Korea- US and UN

  8. Part of Japanese empire until WWII • South (anti-communist)- Syngman Rhee • North (communist)- Kim II Sung • Neither planned on staying separate • 10,000 killed before war began

  9. N. Korea made first move • Outside forces believed in containment • Use military force • Step in before it goes too far

  10. Koreas looked at as a symbol • East vs. West • Evil vs. Good • Fight against communism

  11. General Douglas MacArthur • In charge of Asian fights • Liberate the North from communists • Use Nationalist Chinese forces from Taiwan (Chiang Kai-shek) • Wanted to use nuclear weapons on Chinese/Korean border • President Truman fired him for insubordination

  12. Amphibious attack on Inchon • N. Koreans from Seoul to their side • US makes it close to border • Chinese join attack • Mao Zedong sends troops to N.Korea warn US

  13. July 1951 President Truman and commanders start peace talks in Panmunjom • Two years • What to do with POWs (repatriated) • July 27, 1953 armistice was signed • S. Korea gained 1500 square miles • 2-mile-wide demilitarized zone

  14. Short but deadly • 5 million people die • 10% of Korea’s causalities were civilian • 40,000 Americans died in action • 100,000 wounded

  15. 38th Parallel North invaded South

  16. Kim II-Sung North Korean dictator. Dictator from 1948-1994 when he died.

  17. Syngman Rhee South Korean Dictator. Ruled 1948-1960 when he was forced to resign and flee the country.

  18. General Douglas MacArthur

  19. Chinese Communist Troops Captured

  20. Inchon Landing Amphibious launch on North Koreans

  21. Guards in front of Korean Peace Conference

  22. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and General Van Fleet

  23. UN POWs released to Freedom

  24. Korean War Veterans Memorial

  25. Demilitarized Zone North Korea in front, South Korea in back. 38th Parallel runs through the middle

  26. Hillary Clinton North Korean Solider looking through the glass as she shows support for South Korea.

  27. Korean War • MacArthur • Operation Inchon • Chinese Attack

  28. Unified Silla Dynasty

  29. Unified Silla Dynasty (668-935) • Originally part of three kingdoms • Silla, Paekche, Koguryo • Joined Tang China (618-907) • Conquered Paekche in SE in 660 • Conquered Koguryo in N Korea in 668

  30. 1st time Korea has been unified in history • After a decade they got rid of Tang forces • Culture, language, & geography is similar to what it is today

  31. After unification Chinese recognized Korea • Divided into 9 provinces • Class system based on merit • Old aristocracy remained in control

  32. Parhae • Remaining Koguryo people in northern Manchuria • Leader: Tae Cho-yong • Age of separate southern & northern states • Chinese called it “Prosperous Country of the East” • Since conquered it has not been part of Korea

  33. Buddhism was the main religion for the aristocracy • Underprivileged were attracted to Pure Land Buddhism • Promised bliss in the next world • Confucianism prospered among low level aristocrats

  34. Rebellions were common • Many aristocratic families prospered in their own province • Fought each other • Government weakened causing its demise

  35. Koryo Dynasty

  36. Reason for western name: Korea • Established in 918 • Leader: Wang Kon • 936 established a unified kingdom • Absorb people of overthrown states • Silla & Parhae • Expanded to Yalu River

  37. Aristocrats continued to rule • Family lineage was very important • Maintaining or elevating social & political status was important • Families of 5th out of 9 grades did not have to take exams to receive official jobs

  38. Government: • Two Groups: • Three Chancelleries • Royal Secretariat • Together formed the Supreme Council of State • Families above 5th grade received land for permanent possession • Land was a source of wealth

  39. Military officials were looked down upon • Civilians were allowed to own more land • Military rebelled • Buddhism was banned

  40. 1231 Mongols attack • Could not overpower Koryo • 1258 created a peace treaty

  41. Demand for land reform • Demand for freedom of religion • Demand for free range of districts • Dynasty falls in 1392

  42. Choson (Yi) Dynasty

  43. 26 monarchs who ruled from 1392 to 1910 • Seoul was the capital • Confucian replaced Buddhism • Printing was developed in 1234 • Medicine • Astronomy • Geography • History • Agriculture • 1443 Phonetic Alphabet was completed

  44. Japanese went through Korea to attack China • Military leaders and monks joined fight • Korea left in shambles • Japan withdrew

  45. Standard of living increased • Production increased • Created own money • Changed from theory to practical relevance • Christianity was introduced in S. Korea • Christianity was banned

  46. Isolation • Korea became isolationist • Closed ports • Close borders • Ignored foreign ideas • Mid 1800’s west wanted ports open • “Hermit Kingdom” • China supported • Unequal treaties

  47. In 1910 Japan annexed Korea • Koreans resented their rule • Created peaceful demonstration • March 1st Movement • Japanese killed 2,000 and jailed 19,000 • Leaders fled

  48. Japan ruled until WWII • Japan tried to diminish the Koreans • Forbade language • Take Japanese • Change last names

  49. Government & Economics • South Korea: • Fear of invasion • Authoritarian rule • Syngman Rhee/ President Park Chung Hee • Harsh control • Stability and economic growth

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