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Current Status and Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies in Chinese Taipei

Current Status and Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies in Chinese Taipei Ms Y. J. Grace Liu Chinese Taipei. Road Traffic and Accidents Variances Fatal Accidents Comparison among major Economies Landmarks of Road Traffic Safety Performance from 1991 to 2006

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Current Status and Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies in Chinese Taipei

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  1. Current Status and Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies in Chinese Taipei Ms Y. J. Grace Liu Chinese Taipei

  2. Road Traffic and Accidents Variances • Fatal Accidents Comparison among major Economies • Landmarks of Road Traffic Safety Performance from 1991 to 2006 • 2005~2006 Fatal Accidents Analysis • Strategies to Enhance Motorcycle Safety • Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies • Conclusions

  3. 1.Road Traffic and Accidents Variances • Length of roads was 28,472 km in 1991 , compared with 39,286 km in 2006 , it shows 10,814 km (37.98%) growth . • There were10,611,037 registered motor vehicles in 1991, compared with 20,307,197 in 2006 , it shows 9,696,160 (91.38%) growth . • There were3,201,862 cars in 1991, compared with 6,750,169 in 2006 , it shows 3,548,307 (110.82%) growth . • There were7,409,175 motorcycles in 1991, compared with 13,557,028 in 2006 , it shows 6,147,853 (82.98%) growth .

  4. There were20,605,831 population in 1991, compared with 22,876,527 in 2006 , it shows 2,270,696 (11.02%) growth . • Althoughroad length, motor vehicles and population grow 38%, 90% and 11% separately,there were7,322 fatality in 1991 compared with 4,637 in 2006, it shows 2,685 (36.67%) decrease as Fig. 1.

  5. 2.Fatal Accidents Comparison among major Economies • Based on recent World Road Statistics of International Road Federation (IRF), accident rate per 10,000 vehicles comparison among 8 major economies shows that • Hong Kong was 265.71 in 2004 and 255.5 in 2003 earned the highest rank. • Korea was 136.03 in 2004 and 150.99 in 2003 earned the second rank. • Japan was the third rank 108.27 in 2003. • Chinese Taipei was79.81 in 2005, while 72.83 in 2004 and 66.04 in 2003 as Table 2.

  6. Table 1. Motor vehicles comparison among major economies Source : International Road Federation (IRF), World Road Statistics, 1995~2006 version. unit : per 1,000 vehicles

  7. Table 2. Road Traffic Accidents comparison among major economies Source : International Road Federation (IRF), World Road Statistics, 1995~2006 version.

  8. Table 3. Goals to reduce accidents among major economies. Source : WHO

  9. 3. Landmarks of Road Traffic Safety Performance from 1991 to 2006 • Since June 1997, the motorcyclist and passenger are forced to wear the helmet. • The dead and injured of motorcycle accidents were 1,318 and 1,039 separately in 1996, • while those were 1,214 and 932 in 1997, • It showed 104 and 197 reduction in casualties. • The dead and injured without helmet were 1,198 and 940 separately in 1996, • while the dead and injured without helmet were 775 and 630 separately in 1997, • it showed 423 and 310 reduction in casualties. • It was estimated that the health insurance economized approximately NT$4 billion (around US$130 million) in 1997.

  10. Landmarks (cont.) • Anti-intoxicated driving strategies • It implemented new fines NT$6,000~12,000 (instead NT$2,700~5,400), confiscated driver license for 6 months in March 1997 . • It implemented new Criminal Law no. 185 code 3 to add 2 years fixed-term imprisonment or NT$30,000 fines in April 1999 . • It raised new fines NT$15,000~ 60,000 (instead NT$6,000~12,000), to confiscated driver license for one year in June 2001. • In addition it confiscated autoin Sept. 2002.

  11. Landmarks (cont.) • Mandatory Applying Seat-Belt for Driver & front seat passenger in Sept. 2001. • Regulated using mobile-phone while driving in Sept. 2001. • Mandatory Using Safe-chair for child under 4 years old and under 18 pounds in June 2004.

  12. 4.2005~2006 Fatal Accidents Analysis • Categories of Road Traffic Accidents • A1 Category Accidents Cause Factor Analysis • Accidents Analysis by Modes • Accidents Analysis by Time • Current Motor Vehicle Used in 2006 • Comparison between 2005 and 2006 • Structure of Accident Victims Age Compared with Major Countries

  13. 4.1Categories of Road Traffic Accidents • Categories based on National Police Agency • The figures of road traffic accidents only include the accidents with fatality or injured caused by motor vehicles which running on roads. • A1 Category (Fatality Traffic Accidents) only include the accidents that victims dead immediately or within 24 hours. • A2 Category (Injured Traffic Accidents) only include the accidents with injuries. • A3 Category (vehicle Damage Accidents) only include the vehicle loss

  14. 4.2 A1 Category Accidents Cause Factor Analysis • Intoxicated driving caused the highest 705 events and 727 death in 2006. • Fail to yield caused 273 events and 278 death earned the second rank. • Violating signals & signs caused 261 events and 268 death was the third rank. • Fail to keep proper distance or separation caused 153 events and 155 death. • Speeding caused 133 events and 155 death. • Improper turns caused 105 events &109 death.

  15. Table 4. A1 Category Accidents Caused Factor Analysis in 2006. Source : National Police Agency

  16. Table 5. A1 Category Accidents Analysis by Modes in 2006 Source : National Police Agency

  17. Table 6. A1 Category Accidents Analysis by Time Period in 2006 Source : National Police Agency

  18. 4.3 Current Motor Vehicle Used in 2006 • The number of registered motorcycle is 13,557,028 in 2006 (i.e. 1.69 person own 1 motorcycle). • As for the total motor vehicle 20,307,197 motorcycle owns 66.8%. • Compared with motorcycle 9,283,914 in 1996 , it raised 4,273,114 among 10 years, and the annual growth rate is 4.6%.

  19. Motor vehicle was 20,307,197 in 2006, compared with 19,862,807 in 2005, • it showed total 444,390 increase (+2.24%) in motor vehicle. • Cars were 6,750,169 with average 295.07 per 1,000 population (i.e. 3.39 person owns 1 car). • motorcycles were 13,557,028 with average 592.62 per 1,000 population (i.e. 1.69 person owns 1 motorcycle).

  20. 4.4 Comparison between 2005 and 2006 • A1 category accidents were 2,999 events caused 3,140 death and 1,301 injuries in 2006. • Compared with 2,767 events caused 2,894 death and 1,383 injuries in 2005 , • it showed 232 events increase (+8.38%), 246 death increase (+8.5%), 82 injuries decrease (-5.93%) respectively .

  21. A2 category accidents were 155,583 events caused 205,080 death injuries in 2006. • Compared with 153,047 events caused 201,704 injuries in 2005 , it showed 2,536 events increase (+1.66%), 3,376 injuries increase (+1.67%). • A3 category accidents were 163,998 events caused vehicle damage in 2006. • Compared with 166,089 events in 2005 , it showed 2,091 events decrease (-1.26%).

  22. 4.5Structure of Accident Victims Age Compared with Major Countries • Based on the International Road Traffic and Accident Database (OECD) • Compared the death per 100,000 population of Accident Victims Age • It showed over 65 years old group of Asia countries earned the most fatality • While in Europe & U.S.A. it showed 15-24 years old group earned the most fatality

  23. Table7. Accident Victims Age Compared with major Economies. unit : death per 100,000 population Source :1. International Road Traffic And Accident Database (OECD- IRTAD) 2. National Police Agency, Chinese Taipei.

  24. A1 Category Accidents Victims Age Analysis in 2005 in Chinese Taipei • Victims age & status analysis based on A1 category accidents 2,894 death in 2005. • 0-14 years old group was 69 death (2.38%) • 15-24 years old group was 574 death (19.83%) • 25-64 years old group was 1,594 death (55.08%) • Over 65 years old group was 624 death (21.56%)

  25. Victims Age per 100,000 Population Fatal Rate Analysis in Chinese Taipei • Over 65 years old group caused 25.58 death was the first rank. • 15-24 years old group caused 16.46 death was the second rank. • 25-64 years old group caused 12.52 death was the third rank. • 0-14 years old group caused 1.6 death was the fourth rank.

  26. Victims Age and Status per 100,000 Population Fatal Rate Analysis • Based on A1 category accidents, cross analysis between age and status factors • The below three groups were the highly potential danger people (as Table 8.) • Over 65 years old group motorcyclist caused 11.91 death per 100,000 population fatal rate • Over 65 years old group pedestrian caused 9.89 death per 100,000 population fatal rate • 15-24 years old group motorcyclist caused 9.78 death per 100,000 population fatal rate

  27. Table 8Analysis of Accident Victims Age and Status of Fatal Rate in 2005unit : death per 100,000 population

  28. Victims Day and Night Status Analysis • Accidents Occurred Time Analysis based on A1 category 2,894 accidents in 2005. • Day time from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. occurred 1,376 accidents (47.55%). • While night time from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. occurred 1,518 accidents (52.45%). • Accidents occurred during night time was 1.1 times as that of day time. • With two-hour period base, it showed 18-20 was the highest death (348). • 10-12 periods (168 death) and 2-4 periods (185 death) were the lowest ones.

  29. Table 9.Analysis of Time & Mode during past years

  30. 5. Strategies to Enhance Motorcycle Safety • Related Issues on Motorcycle Safety • Rules and Regulations Amendment • Apply 3 E strategies to promote motorcycle safety

  31. 5.1 Related Issues on Motorcycle Safety • With/without helmet vs. fatality / injury • No Licensing for Teens • Motorcycle Parking Space • Motorcycle Driving Space

  32. With/without helmet vs. fatality / injury • Based on the accident database, the head attack is the primary factor to cause the motorcyclist and passenger fatality and serious injury . • Because the comfort and cool demand of user, helmet has limited function against crush. • According to Japanese experiments , helmet can protect the head of motorcyclist and passenger only in the condition of speed under 30 km/hr. • Therefore speeding or lacking of brake will cause motorcyclist and passenger fatality even with helmet .

  33. No Licensing for Teens • Our regulation is permitted teens over 18 years old to get a motorcycle license. • Most of teens under 18 years old favor to drive motorcycle for fun and curiosity. • Most of teens are easy to get or borrow a motorcycle from parents. • Motorcycle is easy to drive and no need of skills. • Some areas which are lacking of public transport, students often drive motorcycle to school.

  34. Motorcycle Parking Space • Current rules or regulations of architecture plan the building underground parking space primary for autos while ignoring the demand of motorcycle. • Roadside parking lots planning devotes to autos parking as well, motorcycle parking system does not establish yet. • Current County or City governments provide the sidewalks or arcades for motorcycle parking instead of roadside spaces.

  35. 5.2 Rules and Regulations Amendment • In 1996 December, the Legislative Yuan amended the rule and regulation to mandate the motorcyclist and passenger to wear helmet. • In 1997 June we implemented new rule and regulation. • Before 1997, annual motorcycle accidents caused around 1,000 death. • Motorcycle accidents was 1,214 death in 1997 and 1,042 death in 1998, compared to 1,318 death in 1996, it showed significant effects on accident fatality protection.

  36. 5.2 Rules and Regulations Amendment (cont.) • In 2000 December, the Legislative Yuan amended the rule and regulation to increase the fines and confiscated driver’s license for those dangerous driving behaviors such as S-shape driving, over two cars or motorcycles playing “speed competition ” . • The fine was from NT$30,000 to 90,000 (i.e. US$1,000~3,000) • For teens under 18 years old, the parents will accompany teens to attend courses. • In 2001 June, we implemented the new policy.

  37. 5.3 Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety • Strategies for motorcycle safe movement • To promote the demonstrative projects of motorcycle exclusive lane for “the right of way”. • To promote motorcycle two-stage left turn • To research the feasibility of motorcycle parking spaces and signals

  38. Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety (cont.) • Strategies for motorcycle safe parking • To examine sidewalks, arcades and roadside spaces for motorcycle parking. • To establish motorcycle parking system to reflect the reasonable parking costs. • To increase roadside motorcycle parking spaces. • To enhance motorcycle violating enforcement and tow away.

  39. Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety (cont.) • Strategies for motorcycle safety improvements. • To promote continuously wearing helmet. • To implement violating enforcement. • To promote motorcycle insurance policy which was held by Ministry of Finance. • To promote safe concepts for people driving or riding motorcycle.

  40. Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety (cont.) • Anti-intoxicated driving strategies • To promote “taking taxi instead driving home “ campaign to negotiate with restaurants and night clubs by contract with good taxi companies to offer service. • To promote “BOB” campaign to appoint one of colleagues who drinks beverage and drives the others home.

  41. Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety (cont.) • To protect pedestrian’s safety • Auto drivers and motorcyclists must yield the right of way to pedestrian in the crossroads. • To promote using skywalk or underground passage in the busy traffic road. • Pedestrian should wear bright color clothes or reflective materials to be seen by the vehicle drivers.

  42. Apply 3 E strategies to promote road traffic safety (cont.) • Strategies for motor vehicle drivers surveillance • To enhance motorcycle safety education & training for teens. • To propaganda the defensive-driving training programs and licensing amendment.

  43. 6.Prospects of Road Traffic Safety Strategies • Taipei City Government has planned to provide much more motorcycle parking bay and exclusive lanes. • In order to reflect the parking costs, Taipei City Government also plans to charge the parking fee for motorcyclist. • For over 150 c.c. motorcycles, we have initiated a six-month program to allow them drive in expressway no. 68 and 72.

  44. Prospects of Road Safety Strategies(Cont.) • Based on the accident database during the past 10 years, motorcycle fatality with helmet maintained stable growth, we should devote efforts to education and propagation the safety concepts to motorcyclist especially teens. • To promote all the passengers in car or bus to have seat-belt to protect them.

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