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Public Management Theme: To Manage is Not to Control The Folly of Type II Error Martin Landau

Public Management Theme: To Manage is Not to Control The Folly of Type II Error Martin Landau Russell Stout Jr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Tep Phareth Date: 18 November 2011 Public Management and Policy Analysis Program International University of Japan.

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Public Management Theme: To Manage is Not to Control The Folly of Type II Error Martin Landau

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  1. Public Management Theme: To Manage is Not to Control The Folly of Type II Error Martin Landau Russell Stout Jr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Tep Phareth Date: 18 November 2011 Public Management and Policy Analysis Program International University of Japan

  2. To Manage Is Not To Control or Folly of Type II Error Contents • Type II Error • Control and Management • Control of Values • Control of Means • Conclusion

  3. Type II Error: • Fail to reject false hypothesis • “Manage” and “Control” are used instead of • each other. • “To manage is to control” blurs the difference • between management and control.

  4. Control: • Ability to determine a class of events • A controlled situation means it is no longer • problematical. • A function of knowledge • There is an inverse relationship between the • ability to control and the necessity to manage.

  5. Management: • The art of making decision with insufficient • information. • Informed by task environment that is unregulated, • risk-bearing, and problematical. • Appears in important circumstances that are • out of control.

  6. Control Values • Controlling values rather than managing values. • Binding values are legislative authorizations and the exercise of authority. • Supposition are prerogative that are vested in an office. • Public organizations mandated by operating under legal constraints. • Management control program is political.

  7. Control Means • Problem and solutions are unknown. • Several strategies some of which mutually exclusive but all risky. • Issuing directives, declaring rules, set standards and demand obedience. • If the choice is in error, irrelevant to the problem then demand compliance with control cycle changes means to ends. • Decision treated by experimenting validity, if valid, then MCS will be used to plan against error.

  8. Conclusion The problems generated are of frightening proportions even though the disposition arises from the need to control values, goals and or means. It could be rationalized in political terms that external pressure along with the principle of accountability increases demand for control being necessary but costly. And by considering the control of means, the situation or outcome will be tragic. By not having enough freedom to analyze the error, would indicate the general inability to detect and correct the error by control system in the name of error prevention.

  9. Thanks for Listening Q & A

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