1 / 54

Arterial Blood Gas Sampling and analysis: Radial Approach

Arterial Blood Gas Sampling and analysis: Radial Approach. Presented by: Jonna Bobeck BSN, RN, CEN. Objectives. Understand ABG Discuss indications Describe contraindications for performing an arterial puncture. Demonstrate the technique for performing an arterial puncture.

leah-morrison
Télécharger la présentation

Arterial Blood Gas Sampling and analysis: Radial Approach

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Arterial Blood Gas Sampling and analysis:Radial Approach Presented by: Jonna Bobeck BSN, RN, CEN

  2. Objectives • Understand ABG • Discuss indications • Describe contraindications for performing an arterial puncture. • Demonstrate the technique for performing an arterial puncture. • Analyze and interpret results

  3. Introduction • ABG sampling • Information with limitations

  4. Indications • Determination of pH and partial pressure of respiratory gases • Determination of other serum blood levels • Assessment of patient response to therapeutic interventions • Assessment of progression of disease process

  5. Contraindications • Coagulopathy, anticoagulant meds, thrombolysis • Abnormalities of the overlying skin • Prior vascular surgery at or proximal to the entry site • Inadequate circulation

  6. The Allen Test • Assess collateral circulation

  7. Equipment • Gloves • Antiseptic solution • Syringe • 1% lidocaine (optional) • 1.5-inch 22 to 23 guage needle • Specimen bag with ice • Syringe cap • Bandage

  8. Anatomy of Radial Artery • Preferred site • Superficial location • Relatively immobile

  9. Procedure • Explain procedure • Universal precautions • Prepare region • Local anesthetic: optional

  10. Procedure: Initial Artery Approach • Allen test • Position • Identify artery

  11. Specimen Collection • Slowly advance • Blood will fill syringe spontaneously • If unsuccessful withdraw and redirect • Prepare specimen for submission to lab

  12. Post Procedure Care • Apply direct pressure

  13. Complications • Hematoma • Distal ischemia • Pseudoaneurysm • Localized trauma • Infection

  14. review

  15. Where are abg kits kept in the ed? Trauma 2 Dirty Utility Supply Pyxis Materials

  16. A modified Allen's test is only required for patient’s with poor circulation? True False

  17. If unsuccessful withdraw to epidermis and redirect? True False

  18. Place the abg on ice and tube to lab? True False

  19. Analysis • Part of diagnosis

  20. Overview • pH (7.35 – 7.45) • PaCO2 (35 – 45) • PaO2 (80 – 100) • HCO3 (23 – 27) • Respiratory buffer response • Renal buffer response

  21. Acid base disorders Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosis

  22. Acid base disorders Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis

  23. Components of ABG • pH • PaO2 • PaCO2 • HCO3 • Base Excess (B.E.)

  24. Steps to Interpretation: ABG town • Look at pH to determine the first and last name of your ABG • Look at CO2 and HCO3 to determine which one has same last name

  25. FIRST MIDDLE LAST Compensated Respiratory Acidosis Uncompensated Metabolic Alkalosis pH Uncompensated Acid…………..7.35 --- 7.45……………Uncompensated Alk CO2 Respiratory Acid Respiratory Alkalosis………………35 – 45………………Respiratory Acidosis HCO3 Metabolic Base Metabolic Acidosis………………….23 – 27………………Metabolic Alkalosis Compensated Gases 7.35…………………………….......7.40/7.41………………………………..7.45 Compensated Acidosis Compensated Alkalosis

  26. Example One Jane Doe is a 45 year-old female admitted to the nursing unit with a severe asthma attack. She has been increasing shortness Of breath since admission three hours ago. Her arterial blood gas result is as follows: pH – 7.22 CO2 – 55 HCO3 – 25 B.E - 23

  27. Result • First name – uncompensated • Last name – acidosis • Look at CO2 and HCO3 to determine which one has the same last name • CO2 – 55 (acidosis) • Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

  28. Example Two John Doe is a 55 year-old male admitted to your Emergency Department with a bowel Obstruction. He has been experiencing intractable vomiting for the last several hours. His arterial blood gas result is as follows: pH – 7.50 CO2 – 42 HCO3 – 33 B.E. - 26

  29. Result • First name – uncompensated • Last name – alkalosis • Look at CO2 and HCO3 to determine which one has the same last name • HCO3 – 33 (alkalosis) • Uncompensated metabolic acidosis

  30. Compensation • Over time the body attempts to compensate • Uncompensated, partially compensated, fully compensated • When the CO2 or HCO3 go in the opposite direction of the pH there is compensation by that system

  31. A Bit harder pH = 7.36 PaCO2 = 56 HCO3- = 26 pH = 7.43 PaCO2 = 32 HCO3- = 29 pH = 7.35 PaCO2 = 31 HCO3- = 18.1 pH = 7.19 PaCO2 = 45 HCO3- = 18.1 pH = 7.44 PaCO2 = 47 HCO3- = 26

  32. The prefix to the name pH = 7.09 PaCO2 = 50 HCO3- = 30 pH = 7.21 PaCO2 = 55 HCO3- = 28 pH = 7.67 PaCO2 = 60 HCO3- = 45 pH = 7.45 PaCO2 = 33 HCO3- = 20 pH = 7.01 PaCO2 = 20 HCO3- = 10

  33. O2 and base excess pH 7.34, PCO2 34, HCO3- 18.6, BE -6, PO2 86% pH 7.58, PCO2 48, HCO3 48, BE +22, PO2 59%

  34. Practice test

  35. Mrs. Smith is a 65 year-old woman who is in your ED with decreased level of consciousness. Her ABG results: pH – 7.28 PCO2 – 74 HCO3 - 26 What is the acid base disturbance? Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

  36. Is Her ABG Compensated or Uncompensated? Compensated Uncompensated

  37. What test is used to assess collateral circulation prior to obtaining an ABG? Semmes-Weinstein Test The Allen Test The Snuffbox Test

  38. Indications for obtaining an ABG? Determination of pH and partial pressure of respiratory gases Determination of other serum blood levels Assessment of patient response to therapeutic interventions Assessment of progression of disease process All the above

  39. The preferred site for arterial puncture? Brachial Femoral Radial Ulnar

  40. True or False: during specimen collection blood will auto fill the syringe? True False

  41. Post procedure how long do you apply direct pressure to puncture site? 10 Minutes 30 seconds Just apply dressing 5 Minutes

  42. Mr. J is in trauma 6 with a history of IDDM. His ABG results:pH – 7.25 PCO2 – 35 HCO3 - 38 What is this acid base disturbance? Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

  43. Is the ABG Compensated or Uncompensated? Compensated Uncompensated

  44. Ph 7.48 PCO2 15 HCO3 25What is the acid base disturbance Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

  45. Is the ABG Compensated or Uncompensated? Compensated Uncompensated

  46. pH – 7.56 PCO2 – 42 HCO3 - 46 What is this acid base disturbance? Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

  47. Is the ABG Compensated or Uncompensated? Compensated Uncompensated

  48. pH – 7.48 PCO2 – 16 HCO3 - 26 What is this acid base disturbance? Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

  49. Is the ABG Compensated or Uncompensated? Compensated Uncompensated

  50. pH – 7.38 PCO2 – 50 HCO3 - 27 What is this acid base disturbance? Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis

More Related